Lista de pessoas que viajaram no espaço
Esta lista de de pessoas que viajaram no espaço é uma lista dos astronautas/cosmonautas/taikonautas que viajaram no espaço como pilotos, engenheiros, cientistas ou outros (como turistas) e que estão classificados como tal na Wikidata.
A lista está ordenada pela data de nascimento de cada astronauta porque não foi possível por enquanto ordená-la pela data da primeira missão de cada um dos astronautas no espaço. A ter sido deste modo, o primeiro da lista seria Iuri Gagarin que em geral é considerado o primeiro ser humano a voar no espaço e a orbitar a Terra, viagem que efectuou a bordo da Vostok I, em 1961. De salientar também Valentina Tereshkova como a primeira mulher a navegar no espaço o que fez a bordo da Vostok VI, em 1963. E ainda Neil Armstrong como o primeiro homem a pisar a face da lua ao alunar a bordo do módulo lunar da Apollo 11, em 1969.[1]
Não existe unanimidade de classificação da altitude acima da qual um viajante pode ser considerado astronauta. Enquanto nos Estados Unidos essa altitude está fixada em 50 milhas,[2] pela Federação Aeronáutica Internacional a altitude acima da qual um viajante se pode considerar astronauta é a linha de Kármán, ou seja 100 quilómetros (62 milhas) acima do nível do mar.[3]
Edições feitas no conteúdo da lista serão removidas na próxima atualização!
Imagem | Nome | Data de nascimento | Data de morte | Nacionalidade | Missão |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Joseph A. Walker | 1921-02-20 | 1966-06-08 | Estados Unidos | X-15 Flight 91 X-15 Flight 90 1963-07-19 | |
Georgi Beregovoi | 1921-04-15 | 1995-06-30 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 3 1968-10-26 ref | |
John Glenn | 1921-07-18 | 2016-12-08 | Estados Unidos | Mercury-Atlas 6 1962-02-20 ref Mercury-Atlas 6 1962-02-20 ref STS-95 1998-10-29 ref STS-95 1998-10-29 ref | |
Walter Schirra | 1923-03-12 | 2007-05-03 | Estados Unidos | Mercury-Atlas 8 1962-10-03 ref Mercury-Atlas 8 1962-10-03 ref Gemini 6A 1965-12-15 ref Gemini 6A 1965-12-15 ref Apollo 7 1968-10-11 ref Apollo 7 1968-10-11 ref | |
Alan Shepard | 1923-11-18 | 1998-07-21 | Estados Unidos | Mercury-Redstone 3 1961-05-05 ref Apollo 14 1971-01-31 ref Apollo 14 1971-01-31 ref | |
Donald Slayton | 1924-03-01 | 1993-06-13 | Estados Unidos | Apollo–Soyuz 1975-07-15 ref | |
Robert Michael White | 1924-07-06 | 2010-03-17 | Estados Unidos | North American X-15 | |
Robert A. Rushworth | 1924-10-09 | 1993-03-18 | Estados Unidos | North American X-15 | |
Scott Carpenter | 1925-05-01 | 2013-10-10 | Estados Unidos | Mercury-Atlas 7 1962-05-24 ref Mercury-Atlas 7 1962-05-24 ref | |
Pavel Belyayev | 1925-06-26 | 1970-01-10 | União Soviética | Voskhod 2 1965-03-18 ref | |
Lev Demin | 1926-01-11 | 1998-12-18 | União Soviética | Soyuz 15 1974-08-26 ref | |
Konstantin Feoktistov | 1926-02-07 | 2009-11-21 | União Soviética Rússia | Voskhod 1 1964-10-12 ref | |
Virgil Grissom | 1926-04-03 1926 | 1967-01-27 1967 | Estados Unidos | Mercury-Redstone 4 1961-07-21 ref Gemini 3 1965-03-23 ref Gemini 3 1965-03-23 ref | |
Karl Henize | 1926-10-17 | 1993-10-05 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-F 1985-07-29 ref | |
Gordon Cooper | 1927-03-06 1929 | 2004-10-04 | Estados Unidos | Mercury-Atlas 9 1963-05-15 ref Mercury-Atlas 9 1963-05-15 ref Gemini 5 1965-08-21 ref Gemini 5 1965-08-21 ref | |
Vladimir Komarov | 1927-03-16 | 1967-04-24 | União Soviética | Voskhod 1 1964-10-12 ref Soyuz 1 1967-04-23 ref | |
Elliot See | 1927-07-23 | 1966-02-28 | Estados Unidos | NASA Astronaut Group 2 1962-09-01 | |
Vladimir Shatalov | 1927-12-08 | 2021-06-15 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 10 1971-04-22 ref Soyuz 8 1969-10-13 ref Soyuz 4 1969-01-14 ref | |
Vasili Lazarev | 1928-02-23 | 1990-12-31 | União Soviética | Soyuz 7K-T No.39 1975-04-05 Soyuz 12 1973-09-27 ref | |
Anatoli Filipchenko | 1928-02-26 | 2022-08-07 | Rússia União Soviética | Soyuz 7 1969-10-12 ref Soyuz 16 1974-12-02 ref | |
Frank Borman | 1928-03-14 | 2023-11-07 | Estados Unidos | Gemini 7 1965-12-04 ref Gemini 7 1965-12-04 ref Apollo 8 1968-12-21 ref Apollo 8 1968-12-21 ref | |
James Lovell | 1928-03-25 | Estados Unidos | Gemini 12 1966-11-11 ref Gemini 12 1966-11-11 ref Gemini 7 1965-12-04 ref Gemini 7 1965-12-04 ref Apollo 13 1970-04-11 ref Apollo 13 1970-04-11 ref Apollo 8 1968-12-21 ref Apollo 8 1968-12-21 ref | ||
Georgi Dobrovolski | 1928-06-01 | 1971-06-30 | União Soviética | Soyuz 11 1971-06-06 ref | |
William Thornton | 1929-04-14 | 2021-01-11 | Estados Unidos | STS-8 1983-08-30 ref STS-51-B 1985-04-29 ref | |
James McDivitt | 1929-06-10 | 2022-10-13 | Estados Unidos | Gemini 4 1965-06-03 ref Gemini 4 1965-06-03 ref Apollo 9 1969-03-03 ref Apollo 9 1969-03-03 ref | |
Andrian Nikolayev | 1929-09-05 | 2004-07-03 | União Soviética Rússia | Vostok 3 1962-08-11 ref Soyuz 9 1970-06-01 ref | |
Richard Gordon | 1929-10-05 | 2017-11-06 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 12 1969-11-14 ref Apollo 12 1969-11-14 ref Gemini 11 1966-09-12 ref Gemini 11 1966-09-12 ref | |
William J. Knight | 1929-11-18 | 2004-05-07 | Estados Unidos | North American X-15 | |
Buzz Aldrin | 1930-01-20 | Estados Unidos | Gemini 12 1966-11-11 ref Gemini 12 1966-11-11 ref Apollo 11 1969-07-16 ref Apollo 11 1969-07-16 ref | ||
William Pogue | 1930-01-23 | 2014-03-03 | Estados Unidos | Skylab 4 1973-11-16 ref | |
Theodore Freeman | 1930-02-18 | 1964-10-31 | Estados Unidos | NASA Astronaut Group 3 | |
James Irwin | 1930-03-17 | 1991-08-08 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 15 1971-07-26 ref | |
Michael J. Adams | 1930-05-05 | 1967-11-15 | Estados Unidos | North American X-15 X-15 Flight 3-65-97 | |
Don Lind | 1930-05-18 | 2022-08-30 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-B 1985-04-29 ref | |
Charles Conrad | 1930-06-02 | 1999-07-08 | Estados Unidos | Gemini 5 1965-08-21 ref Gemini 5 1965-08-21 ref Skylab 2 1973-05-25 ref Skylab 2 1973-05-25 ref Apollo 12 1969-11-14 ref Apollo 12 1969-11-14 ref Gemini 11 1966-09-12 ref Gemini 11 1966-09-12 ref | |
Yuri Artyukhin | 1930-06-22 | 1998-08-04 | União Soviética | Soyuz 14 1974-07-03 ref | |
Donn Eisele | 1930-06-23 | 1987-12-02 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 7 1968-10-11 ref Apollo 7 1968-10-11 ref | |
Neil Armstrong | 1930-08-05 | 2012-08-25 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 11 1969-07-16 ref Apollo 11 1969-07-16 ref Apollo 11 1969-07-16 ref Apollo 11 1969-07-16 ref Gemini 8 1966-03-16 ref Gemini 8 1966-03-16 ref Gemini 8 1966-03-16 ref | |
Edgar Mitchell | 1930-09-17 | 2016-02-04 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 14 1971-01-31 ref | |
Thomas Stafford | 1930-09-17 | 2024-03-18 | Estados Unidos | Gemini 9A 1966-06-03 ref Gemini 6A 1965-12-15 ref CSM-111 1975-07-15 ref CSM-111 1975-07-15 ref Apollo 10 1969-05-18 ref | |
John Young | 1930-09-24 | 2018-01-05 | Estados Unidos | STS-1 1981-04-12 ref STS-1 1981-04-12 ref STS-9 1983-11-28 ref STS-9 1983-11-28 ref Gemini 10 1966-07-18 ref Gemini 10 1966-07-18 ref Gemini 3 1965-03-23 ref Gemini 3 1965-03-23 ref Apollo 16 1972-04-16 ref Apollo 10 1969-05-18 ref Apollo 10 1969-05-18 ref | |
Pavel Popovich | 1930-10-05 | 2009-09-29 | União Soviética Rússia Ucrânia | Soyuz 14 1974-07-03 ref Vostok 4 1962-08-12 ref | |
Michael Collins | 1930-10-31 | 2021-04-28 | Estados Unidos | Gemini 10 1966-07-18 ref Gemini 10 1966-07-18 ref Apollo 11 1969-07-16 ref Apollo 11 1969-07-16 ref | |
William H. Dana | 1930-11-03 | 2014-05-06 | Estados Unidos | North American X-15 ref | |
Edward White | 1930-11-14 | 1967-01-27 | Estados Unidos | Gemini 4 1965-06-03 ref Gemini 4 1965-06-03 ref | |
Owen Garriott | 1930-11-22 | 2019-04-15 | Estados Unidos | STS-9 1983-11-28 ref Skylab 3 1973-07-28 ref | |
Aleksei Gubarev | 1931-03-29 | 2015-02-21 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 17 1975-01-10 ref Soyuz 28 1978-03-02 ref | |
Vance Brand | 1931-05-09 | Estados Unidos | Apollo–Soyuz 1975-07-15 ref STS-5 1982-11-11 ref STS-41-B 1984-02-03 ref STS-35 1990-12-02 ref | ||
Georgi Grechko | 1931-05-25 | 2017-04-08 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 17 1975-01-10 ref Soyuz 27 1978-01-10 Soyuz T-13 1985-06-06 Soyuz 26 1977-12-10 ref Soyuz T-14 1985-09-17 ref | |
Mikhail Fedorovich Rebrov | 1931-07-03 | 1998-04-24 | República Socialista Federativa Soviética Russa Rússia | Soyuz 7K-L1 | |
John Swigert | 1931-08-30 | 1982-12-27 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 13 1970-04-11 ref | |
Charles Bassett | 1931-12-30 | 1966-02-28 | Estados Unidos | NASA Astronaut Group 3 | |
Alfred Worden | 1932-02-07 | 2020-03-18 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 15 1971-07-26 ref | |
Joseph Kerwin | 1932-02-19 | Estados Unidos | Skylab 2 1973-05-25 ref | ||
Alan Bean | 1932-03-15 | 2018-05-26 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 12 1969-11-14 ref Skylab 3 1973-07-28 ref | |
Walter Cunningham | 1932-03-16 | 2023-01-03 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 7 1968-10-11 ref | |
Lodewijk van den Berg | 1932-03-24 | 2022-10-16 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-B 1985-04-29 ref | |
David Scott | 1932-06-06 | Estados Unidos | Gemini 8 1966-03-16 ref Gemini 8 1966-03-16 ref Apollo 15 1971-07-26 ref Apollo 15 1971-07-26 ref Apollo 9 1969-03-03 ref Apollo 9 1969-03-03 ref | ||
Paul Weitz | 1932-07-25 | 2017-10-22 2017-10-23 | Estados Unidos | STS-6 1983-04-04 ref Skylab 2 1973-05-25 ref | |
Gerald Carr | 1932-08-22 | 2020-08-26 | Estados Unidos | Skylab 4 1973-11-16 ref | |
Anatoli Kartashov | 1932-08-25 | 2005-12-11 | União Soviética | Vostok programme 1961-01-01 | |
Joseph Henry Engle | 1932-08-26 | Estados Unidos | STS-2 1981-11-12 ref STS-51-I 1985-08-27 ref | ||
Nikolai Rukavishnikov | 1932-09-18 | 2002-10-19 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 33 1979-04-10 ref Soyuz 10 1971-04-22 ref Soyuz 16 1974-12-02 ref | |
Jake Garn | 1932-10-12 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-D 1985-04-12 ref | ||
Richard E. Lawyer | 1932-11-08 | 2005-11-12 | Estados Unidos | Manned Orbiting Laboratory | |
Oleg Makarov | 1933-01-06 | 2003-05-28 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 12 1973-09-27 ref Soyuz 27 1978-01-10 ref Soyuz T-3 1980-11-27 ref | |
Viktor Patsayev | 1933-06-19 | 1971-06-30 | União Soviética | Soyuz 11 1971-06-06 ref | |
Stuart Roosa | 1933-08-16 | 1994-12-12 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 14 1971-01-31 ref | |
Yevgeny Khrunov | 1933-09-10 1933 | 2000-05-19 2000 | União Soviética | Soyuz 4 1969-01-14 Soyuz 5 1969-01-15 ref | |
Valentina Ponomaryova | 1933-09-18 | 2023-11-08 | União Soviética Rússia | Vostok programme 1961-01-01 Voskhod programme 1964-01-01 | |
William Anders | 1933-10-17 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 8 1968-12-21 ref | ||
Donald Peterson | 1933-10-22 | 2018-05-27 | Estados Unidos | STS-6 1983-04-04 ref | |
Ronald Evans | 1933-11-10 | 1990-04-07 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 17 1972-12-07 ref | |
Fred Haise | 1933-11-14 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 13 1970-04-11 ref | ||
Henry Hartsfield Jr. | 1933-11-21 | 2014-07-17 | Estados Unidos | STS-61-A 1985-10-30 ref STS-41-D 1984-08-30 ref STS-4 1982-06-27 ref | |
Iuri Gagarin | 1934-03-09 | 1968-03-27 | União Soviética | Vostok 1 1961-04-12 ref | |
Eugene Cernan | 1934-03-14 | 2017-01-16 | Estados Unidos | Gemini 9A 1966-06-03 ref Gemini 9A 1966-06-03 ref Apollo 17 1972-12-07 ref Apollo 17 1972-12-07 ref Apollo 10 1969-05-18 ref Apollo 10 1969-05-18 ref | |
Aleksei Leonov | 1934-05-30 | 2019-10-11 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 19 1975-07-15 ref Voskhod 2 1965-03-18 ref | |
Aleksei Yeliseyev | 1934-07-13 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 4 1969-01-14 Soyuz 10 1971-04-22 ref Soyuz 8 1969-10-13 ref Soyuz 5 1969-01-15 ref | ||
Valery Bykovsky | 1934-08-02 | 2019-03-27 | União Soviética Rússia | Vostok 5 1963-06-14 ref Soyuz 22 1976-09-15 ref Soyuz 29 1978-06-15 Soyuz 31 1978-08-26 ref | |
Viktor Gorbatko | 1934-12-03 | 2017-05-17 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 36 1980-05-26 Soyuz 7 1969-10-12 ref Soyuz 37 1980-07-23 ref Soyuz 24 1977-02-07 ref | |
Boris Volynov | 1934-12-18 | Rússia | Soyuz 21 1976-07-06 ref Soyuz 5 1969-01-15 ref | ||
Valeri Kubasov | 1935-01-07 | 2014-02-19 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 35 1980-04-09 Soyuz 6 1969-10-11 ref Soyuz 19 1975-07-15 ref Soyuz 36 1980-05-26 ref | |
Vladimir Aksyonov | 1935-02-01 | 2024-04-09 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 22 1976-09-15 ref Soyuz T-2 1980-06-05 ref | |
Harrison Schmitt | 1935-07-03 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 17 1972-12-07 ref | ||
Vitali Sevastyanov | 1935-07-08 | 2010-04-05 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 9 1970-06-01 ref Soyuz 18 1975-05-24 ref | |
Georgi Shonin | 1935-08-03 | 1997-04-06 1997-04-07 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 6 1969-10-11 ref | |
Story Musgrave | 1935-08-19 | Estados Unidos | STS-6 1983-04-04 ref STS-33 1989-11-23 ref STS-61 1993-12-02 ref STS-51-F 1985-07-29 ref STS-44 1991-11-24 ref STS-80 1996-11-19 ref | ||
Gherman Titov | 1935-09-11 1935-09-13 | 2000-09-20 | União Soviética Rússia | Vostok 2 1961-08-06 ref | |
Charles Duke | 1935-10-03 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 16 1972-04-16 ref | ||
Russell Schweickart | 1935-10-25 | Estados Unidos | Apollo 9 1969-03-03 ref | ||
Vladislav Volkov | 1935-11-23 | 1971-06-30 | União Soviética | Soyuz 11 1971-06-06 ref Soyuz 7 1969-10-12 ref | |
Jack Lousma | 1936-02-29 | Estados Unidos | STS-3 1982-03-22 ref Skylab 3 1973-07-28 ref | ||
Loren Acton | 1936-03-07 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-F 1985-07-29 ref | ||
Thomas Mattingly | 1936-03-17 | 2023-10-31 | Estados Unidos | STS-4 1982-06-27 ref STS-51-C 1985-01-24 ref Apollo 16 1972-04-16 ref | |
Robert Overmyer | 1936-07-14 | 1996-03-22 | Estados Unidos | STS-5 1982-11-11 ref STS-51-B 1985-04-29 ref | |
Gordon Fullerton | 1936-10-11 | 2013-08-21 | Estados Unidos | STS-3 1982-03-22 ref STS-51-F 1985-07-29 ref | |
Edward Gibson | 1936-11-08 | Estados Unidos | Skylab 4 1973-11-16 ref | ||
Robert Parker | 1936-12-14 | Estados Unidos | STS-9 1983-11-28 ref STS-35 1990-12-02 ref | ||
Sigmund Jähn | 1937-02-13 | 2019-09-21 | República Democrática Alemã Alemanha | Soyuz 29 1978-06-15 Soyuz 31 1978-08-26 ref | |
Valentina Tereshkova | 1937-03-06 | União Soviética Rússia | Vostok 6 1963-06-16 ref | ||
Igor Volk | 1937-04-12 | 2017-01-03 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz T-12 1984-07-17 ref | |
Bruce McCandless | 1937-06-08 | 2017-12-21 | Estados Unidos | STS-41-B 1984-02-03 ref STS-31 1990-04-24 ref | |
Vitali Zholobov | 1937-06-18 | União Soviética Ucrânia | Soyuz 21 1976-07-06 ref | ||
Joseph Allen | 1937-06-27 | Estados Unidos | STS-5 1982-11-11 ref STS-51-A 1984-11-08 ref | ||
Robert Crippen | 1937-09-11 | Estados Unidos | STS-1 1981-04-12 ref STS-41-C 1984-04-06 ref STS-7 1983-06-18 ref STS-41-G 1984-10-05 ref | ||
Richard Truly | 1937-11-12 | 2024-02-27 | Estados Unidos | STS-2 1981-11-12 ref STS-8 1983-08-30 ref | |
Zenon Jankowski | 1937-11-22 | Polónia | Salyut 6 1977-09-29 Soyuz 30 1978-06-27 | ||
Boris Yegorov | 1937-11-26 | 1994-09-12 | União Soviética Rússia | Voskhod 1 1964-10-12 ref | |
Karol Bobko | 1937-12-23 | 2023-08-17 | Estados Unidos Polónia | STS-51-J 1985-10-03 ref STS-51-D 1985-04-12 ref STS-6 1983-04-04 ref | |
Jean-Loup Chrétien | 1938-08-20 | Estados Unidos França | Soyuz TM-6 1988-08-29 Mir-Aragatz 1988-11-26 Soyuz TM-7 1988-11-26 ref Soyuz T-6 1982-06-24 ref STS-86 1997-09-26 ref | ||
John Fabian | 1939-01-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-7 1983-06-18 ref STS-51-G 1985-06-17 ref | ||
Valeri Rozhdestvensky | 1939-02-13 | 2011-08-31 | União Soviética | Soyuz 23 1976-10-14 ref | |
William Lenoir | 1939-03-14 | 2010-08-26 | Estados Unidos | STS-5 1982-11-11 ref | |
Francis Scobee | 1939-05-19 | 1986-01-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-41-C 1984-04-06 ref | |
Valeri Ryumin | 1939-08-16 | 2022-06-06 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 37 1980-07-23 Soyuz 34 1979-06-06 Soyuz 35 1980-04-09 ref STS-91 1998-06-02 ref Soyuz 25 1977-10-09 ref Soyuz 32 1979-02-25 ref | |
David Griggs | 1939-09-07 | 1989-06-17 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-D 1985-04-12 ref | |
Yuri Glazkov | 1939-10-02 | 2008-12-09 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 24 1977-02-07 ref | |
Viktor Savinykh | 1940-03-07 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz T-14 1985-09-17 Salyut 6 1977-09-29 Soyuz TM-5 1988-06-07 ref Soyuz TM-4 1987-12-21 Salyut 7 1982-04-19 Soyuz T-4 1981-03-12 ref Soyuz T-13 1985-06-06 ref Mir 1986-02-19 | ||
Taylor Wang | 1940-06-16 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-B 1985-04-29 ref | ||
Georgi Ivanov | 1940-07-02 | Bulgária | Soyuz 33 1979-04-10 ref | ||
Dennis Tito | 1940-08-08 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz TM-31 2000-10-31 Soyuz TM-32 2001-04-28 ref | ||
Roger Crouch | 1940-09-12 | Estados Unidos | STS-83 1997-04-04 ref STS-94 1997-07-01 ref | ||
Aleksandr Ivanchenkov | 1940-09-28 | União Soviética | Soyuz T-6 1982-06-24 ref Soyuz 31 1978-08-26 Soyuz 29 1978-06-15 ref | ||
Gennady Strekalov | 1940-10-26 1940-10-28 | 2004-12-25 | União Soviética Rússia | STS-71 1995-06-27 Soyuz 7K-ST No.16L 1983-09-26 Soyuz T-10 1984-02-08 Soyuz TM-10 1990-08-01 ref Soyuz T-8 1983-04-20 ref Soyuz T-11 1984-04-03 ref Soyuz TM-21 1995-03-14 ref Soyuz T-3 1980-11-27 ref | |
Reinhard Furrer | 1940-11-25 | 1995-09-09 | Alemanha | STS-61-A 1985-10-30 ref | |
Frederick Gregory | 1941-01-07 | Estados Unidos | STS-33 1989-11-23 ref STS-51-B 1985-04-29 ref STS-44 1991-11-24 ref | ||
Dirk Frimout | 1941-03-21 | Q31 | STS-45 1992-03-24 ref | ||
Frederick Hauck | 1941-04-11 | Estados Unidos | STS-7 1983-06-18 ref STS-26 1988-09-29 ref STS-51-A 1984-11-08 ref | ||
Anatoli Levchenko | 1941-05-21 | 1988-08-06 | União Soviética | Soyuz TM-3 1987-07-22 Soyuz TM-4 1987-12-21 ref | |
Ulf Merbold | 1941-06-20 | Alemanha República Democrática Alemã Alemanha Nazi | Soyuz TM-19 1994-07-01 STS-9 1983-11-28 ref STS-42 1992-01-22 ref Soyuz TM-20 1994-10-03 ref | ||
Vladimir Lyakhov | 1941-07-20 | 2018-04-19 | União Soviética | Soyuz TM-6 1988-08-29 ref Soyuz TM-5 1988-06-07 Soyuz T-9 1983-06-27 ref Soyuz 34 1979-06-06 Soyuz 32 1979-02-25 ref | |
Leonid Kizim | 1941-08-05 | 2010-06-14 | República Socialista Soviética Ucraniana Rússia | Soyuz T-11 1984-04-03 Soyuz T-10 1984-02-08 ref Soyuz T-15 1986-03-13 ref Soyuz T-3 1980-11-27 ref | |
Iúri Malichev | 1941-08-27 | 1999-11-08 | União Soviética | Soyuz T-10 1984-02-08 Soyuz T-11 1984-04-03 ref Soyuz T-2 1980-06-05 ref | |
Miroslaw Hermaszewski | 1941-09-15 | 2022-12-12 | Polónia | Salyut 6 1977-09-29 Soyuz 30 1978-06-27 ref | |
Gennadi Sarafanov | 1942-01-01 | 2005-09-29 | União Soviética | Soyuz 15 1974-08-26 ref | |
Vyacheslav Zudov | 1942-01-08 | União Soviética | Soyuz 23 1976-10-14 ref | ||
Arnaldo Tamayo Méndez | 1942-01-29 | Q241 | Soyuz 38 1980-09-18 ref | ||
Donald Williams | 1942-02-13 | 2016-02-23 | Estados Unidos | STS-34 1989-10-18 ref STS-51-D 1985-04-12 ref | |
Vladimir Kovalyonok | 1942-03-03 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 31 1978-08-26 Soyuz T-4 1981-03-12 ref Soyuz 25 1977-10-09 ref Soyuz 29 1978-06-15 ref | ||
Anatoli Berezovoy | 1942-04-11 | 2014-09-20 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz T-7 1982-08-19 Soyuz T-5 1982-05-13 ref | |
Valentin Lebedev | 1942-04-14 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz T-7 1982-08-19 Soyuz 13 1973-12-18 ref Soyuz T-5 1982-05-13 ref | ||
Valeri Polyakov | 1942-04-27 | 2022-09-07 | Rússia | Soyuz TM-6 1988-08-29 ref Soyuz TM-7 1988-11-26 Soyuz TM-18 1994-01-08 ref Soyuz TM-20 1994-10-03 | |
Vladimir Dzhanibekov | 1942-05-13 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 39 1981-03-22 ref Soyuz 26 1977-12-10 Soyuz T-12 1984-07-17 ref Soyuz 27 1978-01-10 ref Soyuz T-6 1982-06-24 ref Soyuz T-13 1985-06-06 ref | ||
Anthony England | 1942-05-15 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-F 1985-07-29 ref | ||
Robert Springer | 1942-05-21 | Estados Unidos | STS-29 1989-03-13 ref STS-38 1990-11-15 ref | ||
Pyotr Klimuk | 1942-07-10 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz 18 1975-05-24 ref Soyuz 30 1978-06-27 ref Soyuz 13 1973-12-18 ref | ||
Toyohiro Akiyama | 1942-07-22 | Japão | Soyuz TM-10 1990-08-01 Soyuz TM-11 1990-12-02 ref | ||
Robert Stewart | 1942-08-13 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-J 1985-10-03 ref STS-41-B 1984-02-03 ref | ||
John Blaha | 1942-08-26 | Estados Unidos | STS-58 1993-10-18 ref STS-29 1989-03-13 ref STS-81 1997-01-12 STS-79 1996-09-16 ref STS-33 1989-11-23 ref STS-43 1991-08-02 ref | ||
Bill Nelson | 1942-09-29 | Estados Unidos | STS-61-C 1986-01-12 ref | ||
Guion Bluford | 1942-11-22 | Estados Unidos | STS-39 1991-04-28 ref STS-8 1983-08-30 ref STS-61-A 1985-10-30 ref STS-53 1992-12-02 ref | ||
Shannon Lucid | 1943-01-14 | Estados Unidos | STS-34 1989-10-18 ref STS-58 1993-10-18 ref STS-79 1996-09-16 STS-76 1996-03-22 ref STS-43 1991-08-02 ref STS-51-G 1985-06-17 ref | ||
Daniel Brandenstein | 1943-01-17 | Estados Unidos | STS-8 1983-08-30 ref STS-32 1990-01-09 ref STS-51-G 1985-06-17 ref STS-49 1992-05-07 ref | ||
Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov | 1943-02-20 | União Soviética | Soyuz T-9 1983-06-27 ref Soyuz TM-3 1987-07-22 ref | ||
John Creighton | 1943-04-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-48 1991-09-12 ref STS-36 1990-02-28 ref STS-51-G 1985-06-17 ref | ||
Norman Thagard | 1943-07-03 | Estados Unidos | STS-71 1995-06-27 STS-7 1983-06-18 ref STS-42 1992-01-22 ref STS-30 1989-05-04 ref STS-51-B 1985-04-29 ref Soyuz TM-21 1995-03-14 ref | ||
John Casper | 1943-07-09 | Estados Unidos | STS-77 1996-05-19 ref STS-62 1994-03-04 ref STS-54 1993-01-13 ref STS-36 1990-02-28 ref | ||
Roy Bridges Jr. | 1943-07-19 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-F 1985-07-29 ref | ||
Michael McCulley | 1943-08-04 | Estados Unidos | STS-34 1989-10-18 ref | ||
Jon McBride | 1943-08-14 | Estados Unidos | STS-41-G 1984-10-05 ref | ||
Samuel Durrance | 1943-09-17 | 2023-05-05 | Estados Unidos | STS-67 1995-03-02 ref STS-35 1990-12-02 ref | |
Aleksandr Serebrov | 1944-02-15 | 2013-11-12 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz T-7 1982-08-19 ref Soyuz T-8 1983-04-20 ref Soyuz T-5 1982-05-13 Soyuz TM-8 1989-09-05 ref Soyuz TM-17 1993-07-01 ref | |
David Walker | 1944-05-20 | 2001-04-23 | Estados Unidos | STS-69 1995-09-07 ref STS-51-A 1984-11-08 ref STS-53 1992-12-02 ref STS-30 1989-05-04 ref | |
Paul Scully-Power | 1944-05-28 | Estados Unidos Austrália | STS-41-G 1984-10-05 ref | ||
James van Hoften | 1944-06-11 | Estados Unidos | STS-41-C 1984-04-06 ref STS-51-I 1985-08-27 ref | ||
Yuri Romanenko | 1944-08-01 | União Soviética | Soyuz TM-3 1987-07-22 Soyuz 27 1978-01-10 Soyuz TM-2 1987-02-05 ref Soyuz 38 1980-09-18 ref Soyuz 26 1977-12-10 ref | ||
Gregory Jarvis | 1944-08-24 | 1986-01-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-L 1986-01-28 | |
Claude Nicollier | 1944-09-02 | Suíça | STS-75 1996-02-22 ref STS-46 1992-07-31 ref STS-61 1993-12-02 ref STS-103 1999-12-20 ref | ||
Sherwood Spring | 1944-09-03 | Estados Unidos | STS-61-B 1985-11-27 ref | ||
Charles Veach | 1944-09-18 | 1995-10-03 | Estados Unidos | STS-39 1991-04-28 ref STS-52 1992-10-22 ref | |
Loren Shriver | 1944-09-23 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-C 1985-01-24 ref STS-46 1992-07-31 ref STS-31 1990-04-24 ref | ||
Jeffrey Hoffman | 1944-11-02 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-D 1985-04-12 ref STS-75 1996-02-22 ref STS-35 1990-12-02 ref STS-46 1992-07-31 ref STS-61 1993-12-02 ref | ||
John-David Bartoe | 1944-11-17 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-F 1985-07-29 ref | ||
Gregory Olsen | 1945-04-20 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz TMA-6 2005-04-15 Soyuz TMA-7 2005-10-01 ref | ||
Michael Smith | 1945-04-30 | 1986-01-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-L 1986-01-28 | |
Brewster Shaw | 1945-05-16 | Estados Unidos | STS-28 1989-08-08 ref STS-61-B 1985-11-27 ref STS-9 1983-11-28 ref | ||
Ernst Messerschmid | 1945-05-21 | Alemanha | STS-61-A 1985-10-30 ref | ||
Ronald Grabe | 1945-06-13 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-J 1985-10-03 ref STS-42 1992-01-22 ref STS-57 1993-06-21 ref STS-30 1989-05-04 ref | ||
James Buchli | 1945-06-20 | Estados Unidos | STS-29 1989-03-13 ref STS-61-A 1985-10-30 ref STS-51-C 1985-01-24 ref STS-48 1991-09-12 ref | ||
Leonid Popov | 1945-08-31 | União Soviética Ucrânia | Soyuz 37 1980-07-23 Soyuz T-7 1982-08-19 ref Soyuz 35 1980-04-09 ref Soyuz T-5 1982-05-13 Soyuz 40 1981-05-14 ref | ||
Richard Mullane | 1945-09-10 | Estados Unidos | STS-41-D 1984-08-30 ref STS-27 1988-12-02 ref STS-36 1990-02-28 ref | ||
Bjarni Tryggvason | 1945-09-21 | 2022-04-05 | Canadá | STS-85 1997-08-07 ref | |
Roberta Bondar | 1945-12-04 | Canadá | STS-42 1992-01-22 ref | ||
Millie Hughes-Fulford | 1945-12-21 | 2021-02-02 | Estados Unidos | STS-40 1991-06-05 ref | |
Michael Coats | 1946-01-16 | Estados Unidos | STS-39 1991-04-28 ref STS-29 1989-03-13 ref STS-41-D 1984-08-30 ref | ||
James Adamson | 1946-03-03 | Estados Unidos | STS-28 1989-08-08 ref STS-43 1991-08-02 ref | ||
Patrick Baudry | 1946-03-06 | França | STS-51-G 1985-06-17 ref | ||
Wubbo Ockels | 1946-03-28 | 2014-05-18 | Reino dos Países Baixos | STS-61-A 1985-10-30 ref | |
William Fisher | 1946-04-01 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-I 1985-08-27 ref | ||
Drew Gaffney | 1946-06-09 | Estados Unidos | STS-40 1991-06-05 ref | ||
Ellison Onizuka | 1946-06-24 | 1986-01-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-C 1985-01-24 ref STS-51-L 1986-01-28 | |
John Lounge | 1946-06-28 | 2011-03-01 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-I 1985-08-27 ref STS-26 1988-09-29 ref STS-35 1990-12-02 ref | |
Toktar Aubakirov | 1946-07-27 | União Soviética Cazaquistão | Soyuz TM-12 1991-05-18 Soyuz TM-13 1991-10-02 ref | ||
Richard Covey | 1946-08-01 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-I 1985-08-27 ref STS-26 1988-09-29 ref STS-38 1990-11-15 ref STS-61 1993-12-02 ref | ||
Charles Bolden Jr. | 1946-08-19 | Estados Unidos | STS-61-C 1986-01-12 ref STS-45 1992-03-24 ref STS-60 1994-02-03 ref STS-31 1990-04-24 ref | ||
Richard Richards | 1946-08-24 | Estados Unidos | STS-28 1989-08-08 ref STS-64 1994-09-09 ref STS-41 1990-10-06 ref STS-50 1992-06-25 ref | ||
Bryan O'Connor | 1946-09-06 | Estados Unidos | STS-61-B 1985-11-27 ref STS-40 1991-06-05 ref | ||
Franco Malerba | 1946-10-10 | Itália | STS-46 1992-07-31 ref | ||
Terry Hart | 1946-10-27 | Estados Unidos | STS-41-C 1984-04-06 ref | ||
Steven Nagel | 1946-10-27 | 2014-08-21 | Estados Unidos | STS-61-A 1985-10-30 ref STS-55 1993-04-26 ref STS-37 1991-04-05 ref STS-51-G 1985-06-17 ref | |
Robert Gibson | 1946-10-30 | Estados Unidos | STS-71 1995-06-27 ref STS-61-C 1986-01-12 ref STS-27 1988-12-02 ref STS-41-B 1984-02-03 ref STS-47 1992-09-12 ref | ||
Vladimir Solovyov | 1946-11-11 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz T-11 1984-04-03 Soyuz T-10 1984-02-08 ref Soyuz T-15 1986-03-13 ref | ||
Vladimir Titov | 1947-01-01 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TM-6 1988-08-29 Soyuz 7K-ST No.16L 1983-09-26 Soyuz T-8 1983-04-20 ref STS-63 1995-02-03 ref STS-86 1997-09-26 ref Soyuz TM-4 1987-12-21 ref | ||
Mary Cleave | 1947-02-05 | 2023-11-27 | Estados Unidos | STS-61-B 1985-11-27 ref STS-30 1989-05-04 ref | |
Pham Tuan | 1947-02-14 | Q881 | Salyut 6 1977-09-29 Soyuz 36 1980-05-26 Soyuz 37 1980-07-23 ref | ||
Alexander Viktorenko | 1947-03-29 | 2023-08-10 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TM-2 1987-02-05 Soyuz TM-20 1994-10-03 ref Soyuz TM-14 1992-03-17 ref Soyuz TM-3 1987-07-22 ref Soyuz TM-8 1989-09-05 ref | |
Manley Carter | 1947-08-15 | 1991-04-05 | Estados Unidos | STS-33 1989-11-23 ref | |
Rhea Seddon | 1947-11-08 | Estados Unidos | STS-58 1993-10-18 ref STS-58 1993-10-18 ref STS-51-D 1985-04-12 ref STS-51-D 1985-04-12 ref STS-40 1991-06-05 ref STS-40 1991-06-05 ref | ||
Jugderdemidiyn Gurragcha | 1947-12-05 | Mongólia | Soyuz 39 1981-03-22 ref | ||
Guy Gardner (astronauta) | 1948-01-06 | Estados Unidos | STS-27 1988-12-02 ref STS-35 1990-12-02 ref | ||
Anatoly Solovyev | 1948-01-16 | União Soviética Rússia | STS-71 1995-06-27 ref Soyuz TM-5 1988-06-07 ref Soyuz TM-4 1987-12-21 Soyuz TM-21 1995-03-14 Soyuz TM-9 1990-02-11 ref Soyuz TM-15 1992-07-27 ref Soyuz TM-26 1997-08-05 ref | ||
Jerry Ross | 1948-01-20 | Estados Unidos | STS-61-B 1985-11-27 ref STS-55 1993-04-26 ref STS-88 1998-12-04 ref STS-110 2002-04-08 ref STS-74 1995-11-12 ref STS-27 1988-12-02 ref STS-37 1991-04-05 ref | ||
Mamoru Mohri | 1948-01-29 | Japão | STS-99 2000-02-11 ref STS-47 1992-09-12 ref | ||
Byron Lichtenberg | 1948-02-19 | Estados Unidos | STS-9 1983-11-28 ref STS-45 1992-03-24 ref | ||
Jean-Pierre Haigneré | 1948-05-19 | França | Soyuz TM-29 1999-02-20 Soyuz TM-16 1993-01-24 Soyuz TM-17 1993-07-01 | ||
Aleksandr Volkov | 1948-05-27 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TM-7 1988-11-26 ref Soyuz TM-13 1991-10-02 ref Soyuz T-14 1985-09-17 ref | ||
Gary Payton (astronauta) | 1948-06-20 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-C 1985-01-24 ref | ||
Charles Walker | 1948-08-29 | Estados Unidos | STS-61-B 1985-11-27 ref STS-51-D 1985-04-12 ref STS-41-D 1984-08-30 ref | ||
Christa McAuliffe | 1948-09-02 | 1986-01-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-L 1986-01-28 | |
Vladimír Remek | 1948-09-26 | Chéquia | Soyuz 28 1978-03-02 ref | ||
Robert Cenker | 1948-11-05 | Estados Unidos | STS-61-C 1986-01-12 ref | ||
Dale Gardner | 1948-11-08 | 2014-02-19 | Estados Unidos | STS-8 1983-08-30 ref STS-51-A 1984-11-08 ref | |
Viktor Afanasyev | 1948-12-31 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TM-18 1994-01-08 ref Soyuz TM-11 1990-12-02 ref Soyuz TM-32 2001-04-28 Soyuz TM-33 2001-10-21 ref Soyuz TM-29 1999-02-20 ref | ||
Rakesh Sharma | 1949-01-13 | Índia | Soyuz T-10 1984-02-08 Soyuz T-11 1984-04-03 ref | ||
Robert Cabana | 1949-01-23 | Estados Unidos | STS-65 1994-07-08 ref STS-88 1998-12-04 ref STS-53 1992-12-02 ref STS-41 1990-10-06 ref | ||
Marc Garneau | 1949-02-23 | Canadá | STS-77 1996-05-19 ref STS-41-G 1984-10-05 ref STS-97 2000-12-01 ref | ||
Bonnie Dunbar | 1949-03-03 | Estados Unidos | STS-71 1995-06-27 ref STS-61-A 1985-10-30 ref STS-89 1998-01-23 ref STS-32 1990-01-09 ref STS-50 1992-06-25 ref | ||
James Voss | 1949-03-03 | Estados Unidos | STS-105 2001-08-10 STS-102 2001-03-08 ref STS-69 1995-09-07 ref STS-101 2000-05-19 ref STS-53 1992-12-02 ref STS-44 1991-11-24 ref Expedition 2 2001-03-10 | ||
Judith Resnik | 1949-04-05 | 1986-01-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-41-D 1984-08-30 ref STS-51-L 1986-01-28 | |
Jean-Jacques Favier | 1949-04-13 | 2023-03-19 | França | STS-78 1996-06-20 ref | |
Jay Apt | 1949-04-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-79 1996-09-16 ref STS-37 1991-04-05 ref STS-47 1992-09-12 ref STS-59 1994-04-09 ref | ||
Albert Sacco Jr. | 1949-05-03 | Estados Unidos | STS-73 1995-10-20 ref | ||
David Leestma | 1949-05-06 | Estados Unidos | STS-28 1989-08-08 ref STS-45 1992-03-24 ref STS-41-G 1984-10-05 ref | ||
Oleg Atkov | 1949-05-09 | União Soviética | Soyuz T-11 1984-04-03 Soyuz T-10 1984-02-08 ref | ||
Frank Culbertson Jr. | 1949-05-15 | Estados Unidos | STS-108 2001-12-05 STS-105 2001-08-10 ref STS-51 1993-09-12 ref STS-38 1990-11-15 ref Expedition 3 2001-08-12 | ||
Yuri Baturin | 1949-06-12 1949 | Rússia União Soviética | Soyuz TM-27 1998-01-29 Soyuz TM-31 2000-10-31 Soyuz TM-32 2001-04-28 ref Soyuz TM-28 1998-08-13 ref | ||
William Shepherd | 1949-07-26 | Estados Unidos | STS-27 1988-12-02 STS-41 1990-10-06 STS-52 1992-10-22 STS-102 2001-03-08 Soyuz TM-31 2000-10-31 Expedition 1 2000-11-02 | ||
Bertalan Farkas | 1949-08-02 | Hungria | Soyuz 35 1980-04-09 Soyuz 36 1980-05-26 ref | ||
Svetlana Savitskaya | 1949-08-08 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz T-7 1982-08-19 ref Soyuz T-12 1984-07-17 ref Soyuz T-5 1982-05-13 | ||
Anna Fisher | 1949-08-24 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-A 1984-11-08 ref | ||
Michel Tognini | 1949-09-30 | França | Soyuz TM-14 1992-03-17 STS-93 1999-07-23 ref Soyuz TM-15 1992-07-27 ref | ||
Terrence Wilcutt | 1949-10-31 | Estados Unidos | STS-106 2000-09-08 ref STS-89 1998-01-23 ref STS-79 1996-09-16 ref STS-68 1994-09-30 ref | ||
Kenneth Cameron | 1949-11-29 | Estados Unidos | STS-56 1993-04-08 ref STS-74 1995-11-12 ref STS-37 1991-04-05 ref | ||
Bruce Melnick | 1949-12-05 | Estados Unidos | STS-41 1990-10-06 ref STS-49 1992-05-07 ref | ||
Joseph Tanner | 1950-01-21 | Estados Unidos | STS-66 1994-11-03 ref STS-115 2006-09-09 ref STS-97 2000-12-01 ref STS-82 1997-02-11 ref | ||
David Hilmers | 1950-01-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-J 1985-10-03 ref STS-26 1988-09-29 ref STS-42 1992-01-22 ref STS-36 1990-02-28 ref | ||
Franklin Chang-Díaz | 1950-04-05 | Estados Unidos Costa Rica | STS-34 1989-10-18 ref STS-61-C 1986-01-12 ref STS-75 1996-02-22 ref STS-91 1998-06-02 ref STS-60 1994-02-03 ref STS-46 1992-07-31 ref STS-111 2002-06-05 ref | ||
Kenneth Cockrell | 1950-04-09 | Estados Unidos | STS-56 1993-04-08 ref STS-69 1995-09-07 ref STS-80 1996-11-19 ref STS-98 2001-02-07 ref STS-111 2002-06-05 ref | ||
Gennadi Manakov | 1950-06-01 | 2019-09-26 | Rússia União Soviética | Soyuz TM-10 1990-08-01 ref Soyuz TM-16 1993-01-24 ref | |
Lawrence DeLucas | 1950-07-11 | Estados Unidos | STS-50 1992-06-25 ref | ||
George Nelson | 1950-07-13 | Estados Unidos | STS-61-C 1986-01-12 ref STS-41-C 1984-04-06 ref STS-26 1988-09-29 ref | ||
Winston Scott | 1950-08-06 | Estados Unidos | STS-72 1996-01-11 ref STS-87 1997-11-19 ref | ||
Eugene Trinh | 1950-09-14 | Q881 Estados Unidos | STS-50 1992-06-25 ref | ||
Boris Morukov | 1950-10-01 | 2015-01-01 | União Soviética Rússia | STS-106 2000-09-08 ref | |
Ronald McNair | 1950-10-21 | 1986-01-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-41-B 1984-02-03 ref STS-51-L 1986-01-28 | |
Carl Meade | 1950-11-16 | Estados Unidos | STS-64 1994-09-09 ref STS-38 1990-11-15 ref STS-50 1992-06-25 ref | ||
Talgat Musabayev | 1951-01-07 | União Soviética Rússia Cazaquistão | Soyuz TM-27 1998-01-29 ref Soyuz TM-19 1994-07-01 ref Soyuz TM-31 2000-10-31 Soyuz TM-32 2001-04-28 ref | ||
Leonid Kadenyuk | 1951-01-28 | 2018-01-31 | União Soviética Ucrânia | STS-87 1997-11-19 ref | |
Musa Manarov | 1951-03-22 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TM-6 1988-08-29 Soyuz TM-11 1990-12-02 ref Soyuz TM-4 1987-12-21 ref | ||
Kenneth Reightler Jr. | 1951-03-24 | Estados Unidos | STS-60 1994-02-03 ref STS-48 1991-09-12 ref | ||
Marsha Ivins | 1951-04-15 | Estados Unidos | STS-62 1994-03-04 ref STS-32 1990-01-09 ref STS-46 1992-07-31 ref STS-98 2001-02-07 ref STS-81 1997-01-12 ref | ||
John Phillips | 1951-04-15 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz TMA-6 2005-04-15 ref STS-119 2009-03-15 ref STS-100 2001-04-19 ref Expedition 11 2005-04-17 | ||
Aleksandr Laveykin | 1951-04-21 | União Soviética | Soyuz TM-2 1987-02-05 ref | ||
Thomas Akers | 1951-05-20 | Estados Unidos | STS-79 1996-09-16 ref STS-61 1993-12-02 ref STS-41 1990-10-06 ref STS-49 1992-05-07 ref | ||
Ronald Parise | 1951-05-24 | 2008-05-09 | Estados Unidos | STS-67 1995-03-02 ref STS-35 1990-12-02 ref | |
Sally Ride | 1951-05-26 | 2012-07-23 | Estados Unidos | STS-7 1983-06-18 ref STS-41-G 1984-10-05 ref | |
Muhammed Faris | 1951-05-26 | 2024-04-19 | Primeira República Síria República Árabe Unida Síria | Soyuz TM-3 1987-07-22 Soyuz TM-2 1987-02-05 ref | |
Sidney Gutierrez | 1951-06-27 | Estados Unidos | STS-59 1994-04-09 ref STS-40 1991-06-05 ref | ||
Stephen Oswald | 1951-06-30 | Estados Unidos | STS-56 1993-04-08 ref STS-67 1995-03-02 ref STS-42 1992-01-22 ref | ||
William McArthur Jr. | 1951-07-26 | Estados Unidos | STS-92 2000-10-11 ref STS-58 1993-10-18 ref STS-74 1995-11-12 ref Soyuz TMA-7 2005-10-01 ref Expedition 12 2005-10-03 | ||
Hans Schlegel | 1951-08-03 | Alemanha | STS-55 1993-04-26 ref STS-122 2008-02-07 ref | ||
Charles Brady Jr. | 1951-08-12 | 2006-07-23 | Estados Unidos | STS-78 1996-06-20 ref | |
Kathryn Sullivan | 1951-10-03 | Estados Unidos | STS-45 1992-03-24 ref STS-41-G 1984-10-05 ref STS-31 1990-04-24 ref | ||
Mark Brown | 1951-11-18 | Estados Unidos | STS-28 1989-08-08 ref STS-48 1991-09-12 ref | ||
Barbara Morgan | 1951-11-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-118 2007-08-08 ref | ||
Aleksandr Aleksandrov | 1951-12-01 | Bulgária | Soyuz TM-5 1988-06-07 ref Soyuz TM-4 1987-12-21 | ||
Steven Hawley | 1951-12-12 | Estados Unidos | STS-61-C 1986-01-12 ref STS-93 1999-07-23 ref STS-41-D 1984-08-30 ref STS-31 1990-04-24 ref STS-82 1997-02-11 ref | ||
Andrew Thomas | 1951-12-18 | Estados Unidos Austrália | STS-114 2005-07-26 ref STS-91 1998-06-02 STS-102 2001-03-08 ref STS-77 1996-05-19 ref STS-89 1998-01-23 ref | ||
Fred Leslie | 1951-12-19 | Estados Unidos | STS-73 1995-10-20 ref | ||
Blaine Hammond | 1952-01-16 | Estados Unidos | STS-39 1991-04-28 ref STS-64 1994-09-09 ref | ||
William Readdy | 1952-01-24 | Estados Unidos | STS-51 1993-09-12 ref STS-42 1992-01-22 ref STS-79 1996-09-16 ref | ||
Mario Runco Jr. | 1952-01-26 | Estados Unidos | STS-77 1996-05-19 ref STS-54 1993-01-13 ref STS-44 1991-11-24 ref | ||
Rodolfo Neri Vela | 1952-02-19 | México | STS-61-B 1985-11-27 ref | ||
James Bagian | 1952-02-22 | Estados Unidos | STS-29 1989-03-13 ref STS-40 1991-06-05 ref | ||
Vladimir Vasyutin | 1952-03-08 | 2002-07-19 | União Soviética | Soyuz T-14 1985-09-17 ref | |
Chiaki Mukai | 1952-05-06 | Japão | STS-65 1994-07-08 ref STS-95 1998-10-29 ref | ||
Charles Camarda | 1952-05-08 | Estados Unidos | STS-114 2005-07-26 ref | ||
Donald McMonagle | 1952-05-14 | Estados Unidos | STS-39 1991-04-28 ref STS-66 1994-11-03 ref STS-54 1993-01-13 ref | ||
William Pailes | 1952-06-26 | Estados Unidos | STS-51-J 1985-10-03 ref | ||
Linda Godwin | 1952-07-02 | Estados Unidos | STS-108 2001-12-05 ref STS-76 1996-03-22 ref STS-37 1991-04-05 ref STS-59 1994-04-09 ref | ||
Terence Henricks | 1952-07-05 | Estados Unidos | STS-55 1993-04-26 ref STS-78 1996-06-20 ref STS-70 1995-07-13 ref STS-44 1991-11-24 ref | ||
Mark Lee | 1952-08-14 | Estados Unidos | STS-30 1989-05-04 STS-82 1997-02-11 STS-47 1992-09-12 STS-64 1994-09-09 | ||
Kathryn Thornton | 1952-08-17 | Estados Unidos | STS-73 1995-10-20 ref STS-33 1989-11-23 ref STS-61 1993-12-02 ref STS-49 1992-05-07 ref | ||
Thomas Hennen | 1952-08-17 | Estados Unidos | STS-44 1991-11-24 | ||
Klaus-Dietrich Flade | 1952-08-23 | Alemanha | Soyuz TM-14 1992-03-17 Soyuz TM-13 1991-10-02 | ||
Lee Morin | 1952-09-09 | Estados Unidos | STS-110 2002-04-08 | ||
Dumitru Prunariu | 1952-09-27 | Roménia República Socialista da Romênia | Soyuz 40 1981-05-14 | ||
Michael Clifford | 1952-10-13 | 2021-12-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-76 1996-03-22 ref STS-53 1992-12-02 ref STS-59 1994-04-09 ref | |
Valery Tokarev | 1952-10-29 | Rússia | Expedition 12 2005-10-03 ref Soyuz TMA-7 2005-10-01 STS-96 1999-05-27 | ||
James Wetherbee | 1952-11-27 | Estados Unidos | STS-52 1992-10-22 STS-32 1990-01-09 STS-102 2001-03-08 STS-113 2002-11-24 STS-63 1995-02-03 STS-86 1997-09-26 | ||
Ronald Sega | 1952-12-04 | Estados Unidos | STS-76 1996-03-22 ref STS-60 1994-02-03 ref | ||
Valery Korzun | 1953-03-05 | Rússia | Soyuz TM-24 1996-08-17 STS-111 2002-06-05 STS-113 2002-11-24 Expedition 5 2002-06-07 ref | ||
Ellen Baker | 1953-04-27 | Estados Unidos | STS-71 1995-06-27 STS-34 1989-10-18 STS-50 1992-06-25 | ||
Nikolai Budarin | 1953-04-29 | Rússia | STS-71 1995-06-27 Soyuz TM-27 1998-01-29 STS-113 2002-11-24 Soyuz TMA-1 2002-10-30 Soyuz TM-21 1995-03-14 Expedition 6 2002-11-23 | ||
Brian Duffy | 1953-06-20 | Estados Unidos | STS-92 2000-10-11 ref STS-72 1996-01-11 ref STS-45 1992-03-24 ref STS-57 1993-06-21 ref | ||
Aleksandr Balandin | 1953-07-30 | União Soviética | Soyuz TM-9 1990-02-11 | ||
Robert Thirsk | 1953-08-17 | Canadá | Soyuz TMA-15 2009-05-27 STS-78 1996-06-20 Expedition 20 2009-05-29 Expedition 21 2009-09-30 | ||
Pavel Vinogradov | 1953-08-31 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-8 2006-03-30 Soyuz TM-26 1997-08-05 Soyuz TMA-08M 2013-03-28 Expedition 13 2006-04-01 Expedition 36 2013-05-13 Expedition 35 2013-03-13 | ||
Gerhard Thiele | 1953-09-02 | Alemanha | STS-99 2000-02-11 | ||
Michael Baker | 1953-10-27 | Estados Unidos | STS-52 1992-10-22 ref STS-43 1991-08-02 ref STS-68 1994-09-30 ref STS-81 1997-01-12 ref | ||
Aleksander Poleshchuk | 1953-10-30 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TM-16 1993-01-24 | ||
Jan Davis | 1953-11-01 | Estados Unidos | STS-60 1994-02-03 ref STS-47 1992-09-12 ref STS-85 1997-08-07 ref | ||
Daniel Barry | 1953-12-30 | Estados Unidos | STS-72 1996-01-11 STS-105 2001-08-10 STS-96 1999-05-27 | ||
Ulrich Walter | 1954-02-09 | Alemanha | STS-55 1993-04-26 | ||
Vasili Tsibliyev | 1954-02-20 | Rússia | Soyuz TM-25 1997-02-10 Soyuz TM-17 1993-07-01 | ||
James Reilly | 1954-03-18 | Estados Unidos | STS-89 1998-01-23 STS-117 2007-06-08 STS-104 2001-07-12 | ||
Dafydd Williams | 1954-05-16 | Canadá | STS-90 1998-04-17 STS-118 2007-08-08 | ||
Jeffrey Ashby | 1954-06-16 | Estados Unidos | STS-112 2002-10-07 STS-93 1999-07-23 STS-100 2001-04-19 | ||
Ilan Ramon | 1954-06-20 | 2003-02-01 | Israel | STS-107 2003-01-16 | |
Gregory Carl Johnson | 1954-07-30 | Estados Unidos | STS-125 2009-05-11 | ||
Umberto Guidoni | 1954-08-18 | Itália | STS-100 2001-04-19 STS-75 1996-02-22 | ||
Takao Doi | 1954-09-18 | Japão | STS-123 2008-03-11 STS-87 1997-11-19 | ||
Kevin Chilton | 1954-11-03 | Estados Unidos | STS-76 1996-03-22 ref STS-59 1994-04-09 ref STS-49 1992-05-07 ref | ||
Steven MacLean | 1954-12-14 | Canadá | STS-115 2006-09-09 STS-52 1992-10-22 | ||
Jerry Linenger | 1955-01-16 | Estados Unidos | STS-64 1994-09-09 STS-84 1997-05-15 STS-81 1997-01-12 | ||
Thomas Jones | 1955-01-22 | Estados Unidos | STS-59 1994-04-09 ref STS-68 1994-09-30 ref STS-80 1996-11-19 ref STS-98 2001-02-07 ref | ||
Piers Sellers | 1955-04-11 | 2016-12-23 | Reino Unido Estados Unidos | STS-112 2002-10-07 STS-121 2006-07-04 STS-132 2010-05-14 | |
Donald Pettit | 1955-04-20 | Estados Unidos | STS-126 2008-11-15 STS-113 2002-11-24 Soyuz TMA-03M 2011-12-21 Soyuz TMA-1 2002-10-30 | ||
Donald Thomas | 1955-05-06 | Estados Unidos | STS-65 1994-07-08 ref STS-83 1997-04-04 ref STS-70 1995-07-13 ref STS-94 1997-07-01 ref | ||
Pierre Thuot | 1955-05-19 | Estados Unidos | STS-36 1990-02-28 ref STS-62 1994-03-04 ref STS-49 1992-05-07 ref | ||
Charles Precourt | 1955-06-29 | Estados Unidos | STS-71 1995-06-27 ref STS-84 1997-05-15 ref STS-55 1993-04-26 ref STS-91 1998-06-02 ref | ||
John Shoffner | 1955-07-25 | Estados Unidos | Axiom Mission 2 2023-05-21 | ||
Andrew Allen | 1955-08-04 | Estados Unidos | STS-75 1996-02-22 ref STS-62 1994-03-04 ref STS-46 1992-07-31 ref | ||
Charles Gemar | 1955-08-04 | Estados Unidos | STS-62 1994-03-04 ref STS-38 1990-11-15 ref STS-48 1991-09-12 ref | ||
Carl Walz | 1955-09-06 | Estados Unidos | STS-65 1994-07-08 ref STS-51 1993-09-12 ref STS-111 2002-06-05 STS-108 2001-12-05 ref STS-79 1996-09-16 ref Expedition 4 2001-12-07 | ||
Richard Hieb | 1955-09-21 | Estados Unidos | STS-65 1994-07-08 STS-39 1991-04-28 STS-49 1992-05-07 | ||
Stephen Robinson | 1955-10-26 | Estados Unidos | STS-114 2005-07-26 STS-130 2010-02-08 STS-95 1998-10-29 STS-85 1997-08-07 | ||
Sergei Avdeyev | 1956-01-01 | Rússia União Soviética | Soyuz TM-22 1995-09-03 Soyuz TM-29 1999-02-20 Soyuz TM-28 1998-08-13 Soyuz TM-15 1992-07-27 | ||
David Low | 1956-02-19 | 2008-03-15 | Estados Unidos | STS-57 1993-06-21 STS-32 1990-01-09 STS-43 1991-08-02 | |
Curtis Brown | 1956-03-11 | Estados Unidos | STS-66 1994-11-03 ref STS-77 1996-05-19 ref STS-47 1992-09-12 ref STS-103 1999-12-20 ref STS-95 1998-10-29 ref STS-85 1997-08-07 ref | ||
Gregory Harbaugh | 1956-04-15 | Estados Unidos | STS-39 1991-04-28 ref STS-71 1995-06-27 ref STS-54 1993-01-13 ref STS-82 1997-02-11 ref | ||
David Brown | 1956-04-16 | 2003-02-01 | Estados Unidos | STS-107 2003-01-16 | |
Paul Lockhart | 1956-04-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-111 2002-06-05 STS-113 2002-11-24 | ||
Michael Gernhardt | 1956-05-04 | Estados Unidos | STS-83 1997-04-04 STS-69 1995-09-07 STS-104 2001-07-12 STS-94 1997-07-01 | ||
Alexander Kaleri | 1956-05-13 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TM-30 2000-04-04 Soyuz TMA-01M 2010-10-07 Soyuz TM-24 1996-08-17 Soyuz TM-14 1992-03-17 Soyuz TMA-3 2003-10-18 Expedition 8 2003-10-20 Expedition 25 2010-09-25 Expedition 26 2010-11-26 | ||
Mark Polansky | 1956-06-02 | Estados Unidos | STS-127 2009-07-15 STS-116 2006-12-10 STS-98 2001-02-07 | ||
Richard Searfoss | 1956-06-05 | 2018-09-29 | Estados Unidos | STS-58 1993-10-18 ref STS-90 1998-04-17 ref STS-76 1996-03-22 ref | |
Jay Buckey | 1956-06-06 | Estados Unidos | STS-90 1998-04-17 | ||
Bernard Harris | 1956-06-26 | Estados Unidos | STS-55 1993-04-26 ref STS-63 1995-02-03 ref | ||
Sultan bin Salman bin Abdulaziz al-Saud | 1956-06-27 | Arábia Saudita | STS-51-G 1985-06-17 | ||
Kent Rominger | 1956-08-07 | Estados Unidos | STS-96 1999-05-27 ref STS-73 1995-10-20 ref STS-100 2001-04-19 ref STS-85 1997-08-07 ref STS-80 1996-11-19 ref | ||
David Wolf | 1956-08-23 | Estados Unidos | STS-89 1998-01-23 STS-58 1993-10-18 ref STS-112 2002-10-07 ref STS-127 2009-07-15 ref STS-86 1997-09-26 ref | ||
Anatoli Artsebarsky | 1956-09-09 | União Soviética | Soyuz TM-12 1991-05-18 | ||
Kevin Kregel | 1956-09-16 | Estados Unidos | STS-99 2000-02-11 ref STS-78 1996-06-20 ref STS-87 1997-11-19 ref STS-70 1995-07-13 ref | ||
James Halsell Jr. | 1956-09-29 | Estados Unidos | STS-65 1994-07-08 ref STS-83 1997-04-04 ref STS-101 2000-05-19 ref STS-74 1995-11-12 ref STS-94 1997-07-01 ref | ||
Janice Voss | 1956-10-08 | 2012-02-06 | Estados Unidos | STS-83 1997-04-04 ref STS-99 2000-02-11 ref STS-63 1995-02-03 ref STS-57 1993-06-21 ref STS-94 1997-07-01 ref | |
James Newman | 1956-10-16 | Estados Unidos | STS-51 1993-09-12 ref STS-69 1995-09-07 ref STS-109 2002-03-01 ref STS-88 1998-12-04 ref | ||
Mae Jemison | 1956-10-17 | Estados Unidos | STS-47 1992-09-12 ref | ||
Kenneth Bowersox | 1956-11-14 | Estados Unidos | STS-113 2002-11-24 ref Expedition 6 2002-11-23 ref STS-73 1995-10-20 ref STS-61 1993-12-02 ref Soyuz TMA-1 2002-10-30 STS-50 1992-06-25 ref STS-82 1997-02-11 ref | ||
Eileen Collins | 1956-11-19 | Estados Unidos | STS-114 2005-07-26 ref STS-84 1997-05-15 ref STS-93 1999-07-23 ref STS-63 1995-02-03 ref | ||
Reinhold Ewald | 1956-12-18 | Alemanha | Soyuz TM-25 1997-02-10 Soyuz TM-24 1996-08-17 | ||
Martin Fettman | 1956-12-31 | Estados Unidos | STS-58 1993-10-18 | ||
Michael Foale | 1957-01-06 | Estados Unidos Reino Unido | STS-56 1993-04-08 ref STS-84 1997-05-15 ref STS-86 1997-09-26 STS-63 1995-02-03 ref STS-45 1992-03-24 ref STS-103 1999-12-20 ref Soyuz TMA-3 2003-10-18 ref Expedition 8 2003-10-20 | ||
Christer Fuglesang | 1957-03-18 | Suécia | STS-128 2009-08-29 STS-116 2006-12-10 | ||
Scott Horowitz | 1957-03-24 | Estados Unidos | STS-105 2001-08-10 ref STS-101 2000-05-19 ref STS-75 1996-02-22 ref STS-82 1997-02-11 ref | ||
Michael Foreman | 1957-03-29 | Estados Unidos | STS-123 2008-03-11 STS-129 2009-11-16 | ||
Yelena Kondakova | 1957-03-30 | União Soviética Rússia | STS-84 1997-05-15 Soyuz TM-20 1994-10-03 | ||
Patrick Forrester | 1957-03-31 | Estados Unidos | STS-128 2009-08-29 STS-105 2001-08-10 STS-117 2007-06-08 | ||
Paolo Nespoli | 1957-04-06 | Itália | Soyuz TMA-20 2010-12-15 STS-120 2007-10-23 Expedition 53 Expedition 52 2017-06-02 Expedition 26 2010-11-26 Expedition 27 2011-03-16 Soyuz MS-05 2017-07-28 | ||
Léopold Eyharts | 1957-04-28 | França | STS-123 2008-03-11 STS-122 2008-02-07 Soyuz TM-27 1998-01-29 Soyuz TM-26 1997-08-05 Expedition 16 2007-10-10 | ||
Duane Carey | 1957-04-30 | Estados Unidos | STS-109 2002-03-01 | ||
Dominic Gorie | 1957-05-02 | Estados Unidos | STS-123 2008-03-11 STS-99 2000-02-11 STS-108 2001-12-05 STS-91 1998-06-02 | ||
Luca Urbani | 1957-05-11 | Itália | STS-78 1996-06-20 | ||
Claudie Haigneré | 1957-05-13 | França | Soyuz TM-24 1996-08-17 Soyuz TM-23 1996-02-21 Andromède 2001-10-21 Soyuz TM-32 2001-04-28 Soyuz TM-33 2001-10-21 | ||
William Gregory | 1957-05-14 | Estados Unidos | STS-67 1995-03-02 ref | ||
Rick Husband | 1957-07-12 | 2003-02-01 | Estados Unidos | STS-107 2003-01-16 STS-96 1999-05-27 | |
Daniel Bursch | 1957-07-25 | Estados Unidos | STS-51 1993-09-12 ref STS-111 2002-06-05 STS-108 2001-12-05 ref STS-77 1996-05-19 ref STS-68 1994-09-30 ref Expedition 4 2001-12-07 | ||
Richard Linnehan | 1957-09-19 | Estados Unidos | STS-123 2008-03-11 STS-109 2002-03-01 STS-90 1998-04-17 STS-78 1996-06-20 | ||
Greg Linteris | 1957-10-04 | Estados Unidos | STS-83 1997-04-04 STS-94 1997-07-01 | ||
Yuri Usachev | 1957-10-09 | Rússia | STS-101 2000-05-19 Soyuz TM-18 1994-01-08 STS-102 2001-03-08 STS-105 2001-08-10 Soyuz TM-23 1996-02-21 Expedition 2 2001-03-10 | ||
Aleksandr Lazutkin | 1957-10-30 | Rússia | Soyuz TM-25 1997-02-10 | ||
Michael Fossum | 1957-12-19 | Estados Unidos | STS-124 2008-05-31 STS-121 2006-07-04 Soyuz TMA-02M 2011-06-07 Expedition 28 2011-05-23 Expedition 29 2011-09-16 | ||
Jeffrey Williams | 1958-01-18 | Estados Unidos | STS-101 2000-05-19 Soyuz TMA-16 2009-09-30 Soyuz TMA-8 2006-03-30 Expedition 47 2016-03-02 Expedition 48 2016-06-18 Expedition 13 2006-04-01 Expedition 21 2009-09-30 Expedition 22 2009-11-30 Soyuz TMA-20M 2016-03-18 | ||
Joe Edwards | 1958-02-03 | Estados Unidos | STS-89 1998-01-23 | ||
Susan Helms | 1958-02-26 | Estados Unidos | STS-64 1994-09-09 ref STS-102 2001-03-08 ref STS-105 2001-08-10 ref STS-101 2000-05-19 ref STS-78 1996-06-20 ref STS-54 1993-01-13 ref Expedition 2 2001-03-10 ref | ||
Ellen Ochoa | 1958-05-10 | Estados Unidos | STS-56 1993-04-08 ref STS-66 1994-11-03 ref STS-110 2002-04-08 ref STS-96 1999-05-27 ref | ||
Thomas Reiter | 1958-05-23 | Alemanha | STS-116 2006-12-10 STS-121 2006-07-04 Soyuz TM-22 1995-09-03 Expedition 14 2006-09-18 Expedition 13 2006-04-01 | ||
Miguel López-Alegría | 1958-05-30 | Estados Unidos Espanha | Soyuz TMA-9 2006-09-18 STS-73 1995-10-20 STS-92 2000-10-11 Axiom Mission 1 2022-04-08 Axiom Mission 3 2024-01-18 STS-113 2002-11-24 Expedition 14 2006-09-18 | ||
Gennady Padalka | 1958-06-21 | Rússia União Soviética | Soyuz TMA-14 2009-03-26 Soyuz TM-28 1998-08-13 Soyuz TMA-4 2004-04-19 Soyuz TMA-04M 2012-05-15 Soyuz TMA-16M 2015-03-27 Expedition 9 2004-04-21 Expedition 43 2015-03-11 Expedition 44 2015-06-11 Expedition 19 2009-03-28 Expedition 20 2009-05-29 Expedition 31 2012-04-27 Expedition 32 2012-07-01 | ||
Peter Wisoff | 1958-08-16 | Estados Unidos | STS-92 2000-10-11 ref STS-57 1993-06-21 ref STS-68 1994-09-30 ref STS-81 1997-01-12 ref | ||
Sergei Treschev | 1958-08-18 | Rússia | STS-111 2002-06-05 STS-113 2002-11-24 Expedition 5 2002-06-07 | ||
Sergei Krikalev | 1958-08-27 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TM-7 1988-11-26 Soyuz TMA-6 2005-04-15 STS-60 1994-02-03 STS-102 2001-03-08 Soyuz TM-13 1991-10-02 Soyuz TM-12 1991-05-18 STS-88 1998-12-04 Soyuz TM-31 2000-10-31 Expedition 1 2000-11-02 ref Expedition 11 2005-04-17 | ||
John Herrington | 1958-09-14 | Estados Unidos | STS-113 2002-11-24 | ||
André Kuipers | 1958-10-05 | Reino dos Países Baixos | Soyuz TMA-03M 2011-12-21 Soyuz TMA-4 2004-04-19 Soyuz TMA-3 2003-10-18 Expedition 30 2011-11-21 Expedition 31 2012-04-27 | ||
Brent Jett | 1958-10-05 | Estados Unidos | STS-115 2006-09-09 ref STS-72 1996-01-11 ref STS-97 2000-12-01 ref STS-81 1997-01-12 ref | ||
John Grunsfeld | 1958-10-10 | Estados Unidos | STS-125 2009-05-11 STS-109 2002-03-01 STS-67 1995-03-02 STS-103 1999-12-20 STS-81 1997-01-12 | ||
Jean-François Clervoy | 1958-11-19 | França | STS-103 1999-12-20 STS-84 1997-05-15 STS-66 1994-11-03 | ||
Nancy Currie | 1958-12-29 | Estados Unidos | STS-109 2002-03-01 ref STS-88 1998-12-04 ref STS-57 1993-06-21 ref STS-70 1995-07-13 ref | ||
Steven Smith | 1958-12-30 | Estados Unidos | STS-68 1994-09-30 STS-103 1999-12-20 STS-82 1997-02-11 STS-110 2002-04-08 | ||
Abdul Ahad Mohmand | 1959-01-01 | Alemanha República Democrática do Afeganistão | Soyuz TM-6 1988-08-29 Soyuz TM-5 1988-06-07 | ||
Fyodor Yurchikhin | 1959-01-03 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-10 2007-04-07 STS-112 2002-10-07 Soyuz TMA-19 2010-06-15 Soyuz TMA-09M 2013-05-28 Expedition 52 2017-06-02 Expedition 51 2017-04-10 Expedition 37 2013-09-10 Expedition 36 2013-05-13 Expedition 15 2007-04-07 Expedition 24 2010-06-01 Expedition 25 2010-09-25 Soyuz MS-04 2017-04-20 | ||
Clayton Anderson | 1959-02-23 | Estados Unidos | STS-131 2010-04-05 STS-117 2007-06-08 STS-120 2007-10-23 Expedition 15 2007-04-07 Expedition 16 2007-10-10 | ||
Michael Bloomfield | 1959-03-16 | Estados Unidos | STS-97 2000-12-01 STS-110 2002-04-08 STS-86 1997-09-26 | ||
Michael Barratt | 1959-04-16 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz TMA-14 2009-03-26 STS-133 2011-02-24 SpaceX Crew-8 2024-03-04 | ||
Maurizio Cheli | 1959-05-04 | Itália | STS-75 1996-02-22 | ||
Tamara Jernigan | 1959-05-07 | Estados Unidos | STS-67 1995-03-02 ref STS-96 1999-05-27 ref STS-52 1992-10-22 ref STS-40 1991-06-05 ref STS-80 1996-11-19 ref | ||
Wendy Lawrence | 1959-07-02 | Estados Unidos | STS-114 2005-07-26 STS-67 1995-03-02 STS-91 1998-06-02 STS-86 1997-09-26 | ||
Janet Kavandi | 1959-07-17 | Estados Unidos | STS-99 2000-02-11 STS-91 1998-06-02 STS-104 2001-07-12 | ||
Scott Altman | 1959-08-15 | Estados Unidos | STS-125 2009-05-11 STS-109 2002-03-01 STS-106 2000-09-08 STS-90 1998-04-17 | ||
Kathryn Hire | 1959-08-26 | Estados Unidos | STS-130 2010-02-08 STS-90 1998-04-17 | ||
Chris Hadfield | 1959-08-29 | Canadá | STS-100 2001-04-19 Soyuz TMA-07M 2012-12-19 STS-74 1995-11-12 Expedition 35 2013-03-13 Expedition 34 2012-11-18 | ||
Guy Laliberté | 1959-09-02 | Canadá | Soyuz TMA-14 2009-03-26 Soyuz TMA-16 2009-09-30 | ||
Carlos Noriega | 1959-10-08 | Peru | STS-97 2000-12-01 STS-84 1997-05-15 | ||
Timothy Creamer | 1959-11-15 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz TMA-17 2009-12-20 Expedition 22 2009-11-30 Expedition 23 2010-03-17 | ||
Michael Anderson | 1959-12-25 | 2003-02-01 | Estados Unidos | STS-107 2003-01-16 STS-89 1998-01-23 | |
Peggy Whitson | 1960-02-09 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz TMA-11 2007-10-10 Axiom Mission 2 2023-05-21 STS-111 2002-06-05 STS-113 2002-11-24 Axiom Mission 4 2024-10-01 Expedition 5 2002-06-07 Expedition 52 2017-06-02 Expedition 51 2017-04-10 Expedition 50 2016-10-28 Expedition 16 2007-10-10 Soyuz MS-03 2016-11-17 Soyuz MS-04 2017-04-20 | ||
Richard Mastracchio | 1960-02-11 | Estados Unidos | STS-131 2010-04-05 STS-106 2000-09-08 STS-118 2007-08-08 Soyuz TMA-11M 2013-11-07 Expedition 39 2014-03-10 Expedition 38 2013-11-10 | ||
Mikhail Tyurin | 1960-03-02 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-9 2006-09-18 STS-105 2001-08-10 STS-108 2001-12-05 Soyuz TMA-11M 2013-11-07 Expedition 3 2001-08-12 Expedition 14 2006-09-18 Expedition 39 2014-03-10 Expedition 38 2013-11-10 | ||
Yuri Shargin | 1960-03-20 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-5 2004-10-14 Soyuz TMA-4 2004-04-19 | ||
Mikhail Kornienko | 1960-04-15 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-18 2010-04-02 Soyuz TMA-16M 2015-03-27 Expedition 43 2015-03-11 Expedition 44 2015-06-11 Expedition 45 2015-09-11 Expedition 46 2015-12-11 Expedition 23 2010-03-17 Expedition 24 2010-06-01 Soyuz TMA-18M 2015-09-02 | ||
Douglas Wheelock | 1960-05-05 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz TMA-19 2010-06-15 STS-120 2007-10-23 Expedition 24 2010-06-01 Expedition 25 2010-09-25 | ||
Kevin Ford | 1960-07-07 | Estados Unidos | STS-128 2009-08-29 Soyuz TMA-06M 2012-10-23 Expedition 33 2012-09-16 Expedition 34 2012-11-18 | ||
Franz Viehböck | 1960-08-24 | Áustria | Soyuz TM-13 1991-10-02 Soyuz TM-12 1991-05-18 | ||
Steven Lindsey | 1960-08-24 | Estados Unidos | STS-121 2006-07-04 STS-95 1998-10-29 STS-133 2011-02-24 STS-104 2001-07-12 STS-87 1997-11-19 | ||
Lee Archambault | 1960-08-25 | Estados Unidos | STS-119 2009-03-15 STS-117 2007-06-08 | ||
Leroy Chiao | 1960-08-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-65 1994-07-08 ref STS-92 2000-10-11 ref STS-72 1996-01-11 ref Expedition 10 2004-10-16 ref Soyuz TMA-5 2004-10-14 ref | ||
Thomas Marshburn | 1960-08-29 | Estados Unidos | STS-127 2009-07-15 SpaceX Crew-3 2021-11-11 Soyuz TMA-07M 2012-12-19 | ||
James Pawelczyk | 1960-09-20 | Estados Unidos Polónia | STS-90 1998-04-17 | ||
Steven Swanson | 1960-12-03 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz TMA-12M 2014-03-25 STS-119 2009-03-15 STS-117 2007-06-08 Expedition 39 2014-03-10 Expedition 40 2014-05-13 | ||
Catherine Coleman | 1960-12-14 1960 | Estados Unidos | STS-73 1995-10-20 STS-93 1999-07-23 Soyuz TMA-20 2010-12-15 Expedition 26 2010-11-26 Expedition 27 2011-03-16 | ||
Krasimir Stojanow | 1961-01-24 | Bulgária | Soyuz TM-5 1988-06-07 | ||
Daniel Tani | 1961-02-01 | Estados Unidos | STS-122 2008-02-07 STS-108 2001-12-05 STS-120 2007-10-23 Expedition 16 2007-10-10 | ||
Yuri Onufriyenko | 1961-02-06 | Ucrânia Rússia | STS-108 2001-12-05 Soyuz TM-23 1996-02-21 STS-111 2002-06-05 Expedition 4 2001-12-07 | ||
Laurel Clark | 1961-03-10 | 2003-02-01 | Estados Unidos | STS-107 2003-01-16 | |
Frank De Winne | 1961-04-25 | Q31 | Soyuz TMA-15 2009-05-27 Soyuz TM-34 2002-04-25 Soyuz TMA-1 2002-10-30 Expedition 20 2009-05-29 Expedition 21 2009-09-30 | ||
Richard Garriott | 1961-07-04 | Estados Unidos Reino Unido | Soyuz TMA-12 2008-04-08 Soyuz TMA-13 2008-10-12 | ||
Daniel Burbank | 1961-07-27 | Estados Unidos | STS-115 2006-09-09 STS-106 2000-09-08 Soyuz TMA-22 2011-11-14 Expedition 29 2011-09-16 Expedition 30 2011-11-21 | ||
Scott Parazynski | 1961-07-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-95 1998-10-29 STS-100 2001-04-19 STS-66 1994-11-03 STS-120 2007-10-23 STS-86 1997-09-26 | ||
Frederick Sturckow | 1961-08-11 | Estados Unidos | STS-128 2009-08-29 STS-105 2001-08-10 STS-88 1998-12-04 Virgin Galactic Unity 21 Virgin Galactic Unity 25 STS-117 2007-06-08 | ||
Christopher Ferguson | 1961-09-01 | Estados Unidos Polónia | STS-115 2006-09-09 STS-135 2011-07-08 STS-126 2008-11-15 | ||
Pamela Melroy | 1961-09-17 | Estados Unidos | STS-92 2000-10-11 STS-112 2002-10-07 STS-120 2007-10-23 | ||
Willie McCool | 1961-09-23 | 2003-02-01 | Estados Unidos | STS-107 2003-01-16 | |
Susan Still-Kilrain | 1961-10-24 | Estados Unidos | STS-83 1997-04-04 STS-94 1997-07-01 | ||
Ronald Garan Jr. | 1961-10-30 | Estados Unidos | STS-124 2008-05-31 Soyuz TMA-21 2011-04-04 Expedition 27 2011-03-16 Expedition 28 2011-05-23 | ||
Charles Hobaugh | 1961-11-05 | Estados Unidos | STS-129 2009-11-16 STS-118 2007-08-08 STS-104 2001-07-12 | ||
Alan Poindexter | 1961-11-05 | 2012-07-01 | Estados Unidos | STS-122 2008-02-07 STS-131 2010-04-05 | |
Yuri Malenchenko | 1961-12-22 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TMA-11 2007-10-10 STS-106 2000-09-08 Soyuz TMA-05M 2012-07-15 Soyuz TM-19 1994-07-01 Expedition 46 2015-12-11 ref Expedition 47 2016-03-02 ref Expedition 16 2007-10-10 ref Expedition 32 2012-07-01 ref Expedition 33 2012-09-16 ref Expedition 7 2003-04-25 ref Soyuz TMA-2 2003-04-26 Soyuz TMA-19M 2015-12-15 | ||
Robert Curbeam | 1962-03-05 | Estados Unidos | STS-116 2006-12-10 STS-98 2001-02-07 STS-85 1997-08-07 | ||
Kalpana Chawla | 1962-03-17 | 2003-02-01 | Índia Estados Unidos | STS-107 2003-01-16 ref STS-87 1997-11-19 ref | |
Yuri Gidzenko | 1962-03-26 | União Soviética Rússia | STS-102 2001-03-08 Soyuz TM-22 1995-09-03 Soyuz TM-34 2002-04-25 Soyuz TM-31 2000-10-31 Expedition 1 2000-11-02 ref Soyuz TM-33 2001-10-21 | ||
Sergei Zalyotin | 1962-04-21 | Rússia | Soyuz TM-30 2000-04-04 Soyuz TM-34 2002-04-25 Soyuz TMA-1 2002-10-30 | ||
Gregory Johnson | 1962-05-12 | Estados Unidos | STS-123 2008-03-11 STS-134 2011-05-16 | ||
George Zamka | 1962-06-29 | Estados Unidos Colômbia | STS-130 2010-02-08 STS-120 2007-10-23 | ||
Vladimir Dezhurov | 1962-07-30 | Rússia | STS-71 1995-06-27 STS-105 2001-08-10 STS-108 2001-12-05 Soyuz TM-21 1995-03-14 Expedition 3 2001-08-12 | ||
Li Qinglong | 1962-08 | China | Shenzhou (spacecraft) | ||
Gregory Chamitoff | 1962-08-06 | Estados Unidos | STS-124 2008-05-31 STS-134 2011-05-16 STS-126 2008-11-15 Expedition 17 2008-04-08 Expedition 18 2008-10-12 | ||
José Hernández | 1962-08-07 | Estados Unidos | STS-128 2009-08-29 | ||
Michael Massimino | 1962-08-19 | Estados Unidos | STS-125 2009-05-11 STS-109 2002-03-01 | ||
Mary Weber | 1962-08-24 | Estados Unidos | STS-101 2000-05-19 ref STS-70 1995-07-13 ref | ||
Rex Walheim | 1962-10-10 | Estados Unidos | STS-122 2008-02-07 STS-135 2011-07-08 STS-110 2002-04-08 | ||
Michael Good | 1962-10-13 | Estados Unidos | STS-125 2009-05-11 STS-132 2010-05-14 | ||
Benjamin Drew | 1962-11-05 | Estados Unidos | STS-118 2007-08-08 STS-133 2011-02-24 | ||
Nicole Stott | 1962-11-19 | Estados Unidos | STS-129 2009-11-16 STS-128 2009-08-29 STS-133 2011-02-24 Expedition 20 2009-05-29 Expedition 21 2009-09-30 | ||
Barry Wilmore | 1962-12-29 | Estados Unidos | STS-129 2009-11-16 Soyuz TMA-14M 2014-09-25 Expedition 41 2014-09-10 Expedition 42 2014-11-10 | ||
Philippe Perrin | 1963-01-06 | França | STS-111 2002-06-05 | ||
Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper | 1963-02-07 | Estados Unidos | STS-115 2006-09-09 STS-126 2008-11-15 | ||
Marcos Pontes | 1963-03-11 | Brasil | Missão Centenário Soyuz TMA-7 2005-10-01 Soyuz TMA-8 2006-03-30 ref | ||
Pedro Duque | 1963-03-14 | Espanha | STS-95 1998-10-29 ref Soyuz TMA-3 2003-10-18 ref Soyuz TMA-2 2003-04-26 ref | ||
Timothy Kopra | 1963-04-09 | Estados Unidos | STS-127 2009-07-15 STS-128 2009-08-29 Expedition 46 2015-12-11 Expedition 47 2016-03-02 Expedition 20 2009-05-29 Soyuz TMA-19M 2015-12-15 | ||
Lisa Nowak | 1963-05-10 | Estados Unidos | STS-121 2006-07-04 | ||
Helen Sharman | 1963-05-30 | Reino Unido | Soyuz TM-11 1990-12-02 Soyuz TM-12 1991-05-18 | ||
Edward Lu | 1963-07-01 | Estados Unidos | STS-106 2000-09-08 STS-84 1997-05-15 Soyuz TMA-2 2003-04-26 Expedition 7 2003-04-25 | ||
Koichi Wakata | 1963-08-01 | Japão | SpaceX Crew-5 2022-10-05 ref SpaceX Crew-5 2022-10-05 ref STS-92 2000-10-11 ref STS-127 2009-07-15 ref STS-127 2009-07-15 ref STS-119 2009-03-15 ref STS-119 2009-03-15 ref Soyuz TMA-11M 2013-11-07 ref STS-72 1996-01-11 ref | ||
Julie Payette | 1963-10-20 | Canadá | STS-127 2009-07-15 STS-96 1999-05-27 | ||
Richard Arnold | 1963-11-26 | Estados Unidos | STS-119 2009-03-15 Expedition 55 Expedition 56 Soyuz MS-08 2018-03-21 | ||
Chen Quan | 1963-12 | China | Shenzhou (spacecraft) | ||
Stephen Bowen | 1964-02-13 | Estados Unidos | STS-133 2011-02-24 STS-132 2010-05-14 STS-126 2008-11-15 SpaceX Crew-6 2023-03-02 | ||
Leland Melvin | 1964-02-15 | Estados Unidos | STS-122 2008-02-07 STS-129 2009-11-16 | ||
Mark Kelly | 1964-02-21 | Estados Unidos | STS-124 2008-05-31 STS-121 2006-07-04 STS-134 2011-05-16 STS-108 2001-12-05 | ||
Scott Kelly | 1964-02-21 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz TMA-01M 2010-10-07 STS-118 2007-08-08 STS-103 1999-12-20 Soyuz TMA-16M 2015-03-27 Expedition 43 2015-03-11 Expedition 44 2015-06-11 Expedition 45 2015-09-11 Expedition 46 2015-12-11 Expedition 25 2010-09-25 Expedition 26 2010-11-26 Soyuz TMA-18M 2015-09-02 | ||
Satoshi Furukawa | 1964-04-04 | Japão | Soyuz TMA-02M 2011-06-07 SpaceX Crew-7 2023-08-26 | ||
Andrei Borisenko | 1964-04-17 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-21 2011-04-04 Expedition 50 2016-10-28 Expedition 49 2016-09-06 Expedition 27 2011-03-16 Expedition 28 2011-05-23 Soyuz MS-02 2016-10-19 | ||
James Kelly | 1964-05-14 | Estados Unidos | STS-114 2005-07-26 STS-102 2001-03-08 | ||
Paul Richards | 1964-05-20 | Estados Unidos | STS-102 2001-03-08 | ||
Ivan Bella | 1964-05-21 | Eslováquia | Soyuz TM-29 1999-02-20 Soyuz TM-28 1998-08-13 | ||
Oleg Kononenko | 1964-06-21 | Rússia Turquemenistão | Soyuz TMA-12 2008-04-08 Soyuz MS-24 2023-09-15 Soyuz TMA-03M 2011-12-21 Soyuz TMA-17M 2015-07-22 Soyuz MS-11 2018-12-03 | ||
Joan Higginbotham | 1964-08-03 | Estados Unidos | STS-116 2006-12-10 | ||
Salizhan Sharipov | 1964-08-24 | Rússia União Soviética | STS-89 1998-01-23 Soyuz TMA-5 2004-10-14 Expedition 10 2004-10-16 | ||
Stephen Frick | 1964-09-30 | Estados Unidos | STS-122 2008-02-07 STS-110 2002-04-08 | ||
Eric Boe | 1964-10-01 | Estados Unidos | STS-133 2011-02-24 STS-126 2008-11-15 | ||
Nie Haisheng | 1964-10-13 | China | Shenzhou 6 2005-10-12 Shenzhou 10 2013-06-11 Shenzhou 12 2021-06-17 | ||
Roberto Vittori | 1964-10-15 | Itália | Soyuz TMA-6 2005-04-15 STS-134 2011-05-16 Soyuz TM-34 2002-04-25 Soyuz TMA-5 2004-10-14 Soyuz TM-33 2001-10-21 | ||
Sandra Magnus | 1964-10-30 | Estados Unidos | STS-112 2002-10-07 STS-135 2011-07-08 STS-119 2009-03-15 STS-126 2008-11-15 Expedition 18 2008-10-12 | ||
Nicholas Patrick | 1964-11-19 | Estados Unidos | STS-130 2010-02-08 STS-116 2006-12-10 | ||
Kenneth Ham | 1964-12-12 | Estados Unidos | STS-124 2008-05-31 STS-132 2010-05-14 | ||
Yuri Lonchakov | 1965-03-04 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TMA-13 2008-10-12 STS-100 2001-04-19 Soyuz TM-34 2002-04-25 Soyuz TMA-1 2002-10-30 Expedition 18 2008-10-12 | ||
William Oefelein | 1965-03-29 | Estados Unidos | STS-116 2006-12-10 | ||
Soichi Noguchi | 1965-04-15 | Japão | STS-114 2005-07-26 Soyuz TMA-17 2009-12-20 Expedition 64 2020-10-21 Expedition 65 2021-04-17 Expedition 22 2009-11-30 Expedition 23 2010-03-17 SpaceX Crew-1 2020-11-16 | ||
Fei Junlong | 1965-05-05 | China | Shenzhou 6 2005-10-12 Shenzhou 15 2022-11-29 | ||
Shannon Walker | 1965-06-04 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz TMA-19 2010-06-15 SpaceX Crew-1 2020-11-16 | ||
Stanley Love | 1965-06-08 | Estados Unidos | STS-122 2008-02-07 | ||
Yang Liwei | 1965-06-21 | China | Shenzhou 5 2003-10-15 | ||
Scott Tingle | 1965-07-19 | Estados Unidos | Expedition 54 Expedition 55 Soyuz MS-07 2017-12-17 | ||
Andrew Feustel | 1965-08-25 | Estados Unidos | STS-125 2009-05-11 STS-134 2011-05-16 Expedition 55 Expedition 56 Soyuz MS-08 2018-03-21 | ||
Sunita Williams | 1965-09-19 | Estados Unidos | STS-116 2006-12-10 Soyuz TMA-05M 2012-07-15 STS-117 2007-06-08 Expedition 14 2006-09-18 Expedition 15 2007-04-07 Expedition 32 2012-07-01 Expedition 33 2012-09-16 | ||
Robert Satcher | 1965-09-22 | Estados Unidos | STS-129 2009-11-16 | ||
Oleg Kotov | 1965-10-27 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-10 2007-04-07 Soyuz TMA-17 2009-12-20 Soyuz TMA-10M 2013-09-25 Expedition 38 2013-11-10 Expedition 37 2013-09-10 Expedition 15 2007-04-07 Expedition 22 2009-11-30 Expedition 23 2010-03-17 | ||
Sergei Revin | 1966-01-12 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-04M 2012-05-15 Expedition 31 2012-04-27 Expedition 32 2012-07-01 | ||
Deng Qingming | 1966-03-16 | China | Shenzhou 15 2022-11-29 | ||
Zhang Xiaoguang | 1966-05 | China | Shenzhou 10 2013-06-11 ref | ||
Alexandr Skvortsov | 1966-05-06 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-18 2010-04-02 Soyuz TMA-12M 2014-03-25 Expedition 60 2019-06-24 Expedition 61 2019-10-03 Expedition 39 2014-03-10 Expedition 40 2014-05-13 Expedition 23 2010-03-17 Expedition 24 2010-06-01 Soyuz MS-13 2019-07-20 | ||
John Olivas | 1966-05-25 | Estados Unidos | STS-128 2009-08-29 STS-117 2007-06-08 | ||
Anousheh Ansari | 1966-09-12 | Estados Unidos Irão | Soyuz TMA-9 2006-09-18 Soyuz TMA-8 2006-03-30 | ||
Zhai Zhigang | 1966-10-10 | China | Shenzhou 7 2008-09-25 Shenzhou 13 2021-10-15 | ||
Douglas Hurley | 1966-10-21 | Estados Unidos | STS-127 2009-07-15 STS-135 2011-07-08 Crew Dragon Demo-2 2020-05-30 | ||
Jing Haipeng | 1966-10-24 | China | Shenzhou 9 2012-06-16 Shenzhou 7 2008-09-25 Shenzhou 16 2023-05-30 Shenzhou 11 2016-10-16 | ||
Liu Boming | 1966-10-29 | China | Shenzhou 7 2008-09-25 Shenzhou 12 2021-06-17 | ||
Mark Vande Hei | 1966-11-10 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz MS-18 2021-04-09 Soyuz MS-19 2021-10-05 International Space Station 1998-11-20 Soyuz MS-06 2017-09-12 | ||
Michael Fincke | 1967-03-14 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz TMA-13 2008-10-12 STS-134 2011-05-16 Soyuz TMA-4 2004-04-19 Expedition 9 2004-04-21 ref Expedition 18 2008-10-12 | ||
Joseph Acaba | 1967-05-17 | Estados Unidos | STS-119 2009-03-15 Expedition 53 Expedition 54 Soyuz TMA-04M 2012-05-15 Expedition 31 2012-04-27 Expedition 32 2012-07-01 Soyuz MS-06 2017-09-12 | ||
Robert Kimbrough | 1967-06-04 | Estados Unidos | SpaceX Crew-2 2021-04-23 ref Expedition 50 2016-10-28 ref Expedition 49 2016-09-06 ref STS-126 2008-11-15 ref Soyuz MS-02 2016-10-19 ref Expedition 65 2021-04-17 ref | ||
Dominic Antonelli | 1967-08-23 | Estados Unidos | STS-132 2010-05-14 STS-119 2009-03-15 | ||
Randolph Bresnik | 1967-09-11 | Estados Unidos | STS-129 2009-11-16 Expedition 53 Expedition 52 2017-06-02 Soyuz MS-05 2017-07-28 | ||
Konstantin Kozeyev | 1967-12-01 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TM-32 2001-04-28 Soyuz TM-33 2001-10-21 | ||
Terry Virts | 1967-12-01 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz TMA-15M 2014-11-23 STS-130 2010-02-08 Expedition 43 2015-03-11 Expedition 42 2014-11-10 | ||
Garrett Reisman | 1968-02-10 | Estados Unidos | STS-124 2008-05-31 STS-123 2008-03-11 STS-132 2010-05-14 Expedition 16 2007-10-10 Expedition 17 2008-04-08 | ||
James Dutton | 1968-11-20 | Estados Unidos | STS-131 2010-04-05 | ||
Akihiko Hoshide | 1968-12-28 | Japão | STS-124 2008-05-31 ref SpaceX Crew-2 2021-04-23 ref Soyuz TMA-05M 2012-07-15 ref | ||
Michael Hopkins | 1968-12-28 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz TMA-10M 2013-09-25 Expedition 64 2020-10-21 Expedition 65 2021-04-17 Expedition 38 2013-11-10 Expedition 37 2013-09-10 SpaceX Crew-1 2020-11-16 | ||
Anatoli Ivanishin | 1969-01-15 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-22 2011-11-14 Expedition 63 2020-04-17 Expedition 48 2016-06-18 Expedition 49 2016-09-06 Expedition 29 2011-09-16 Expedition 30 2011-11-21 Soyuz MS-01 2016-07-07 Soyuz MS-16 2020-04-09 | ||
Liu Wang | 1969-03-25 | China | Shenzhou 9 2012-06-16 | ||
Dmitri Kondratyev | 1969-05-25 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-20 2010-12-15 Expedition 26 2010-11-26 Expedition 27 2011-03-16 | ||
Tracy Caldwell | 1969-08-14 | Estados Unidos | STS-118 2007-08-08 Soyuz TMA-18 2010-04-02 Soyuz MS-25 2024-03-23 | ||
Karen Nyberg | 1969-10-07 | Estados Unidos | STS-124 2008-05-31 Soyuz TMA-09M 2013-05-28 Expedition 37 2013-09-10 Expedition 36 2013-05-13 | ||
Oleg Skripochka | 1969-12-24 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TMA-01M 2010-10-07 Expedition 61 2019-10-03 Expedition 62 2020-02-06 Expedition 47 2016-03-02 Expedition 48 2016-06-18 Expedition 25 2010-09-25 Expedition 26 2010-11-26 Soyuz TMA-20M 2016-03-18 Soyuz MS-15 2019-09-25 | ||
Christopher Cassidy | 1970-01-04 | Estados Unidos | STS-127 2009-07-15 Soyuz TMA-08M 2013-03-28 Expedition 63 2020-04-17 Expedition 36 2013-05-13 Expedition 35 2013-03-13 Soyuz MS-16 2020-04-09 | ||
David Saint-Jacques | 1970-01-06 | Canadá | Expedition 57 2018-10-04 Expedition 58 2018-12-20 Expedition 59 2019-03-15 Soyuz MS-11 2018-12-03 | ||
Kimiya Yui | 1970-01-30 | Japão | Soyuz TMA-17M 2015-07-22 Expedition 44 2015-06-11 Expedition 45 2015-09-11 | ||
Aleksandr Samokutyayev | 1970-03-13 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-21 2011-04-04 Soyuz TMA-14M 2014-09-25 Expedition 41 2014-09-10 Expedition 42 2014-11-10 Expedition 27 2011-03-16 Expedition 28 2011-05-23 | ||
Matthias Maurer | 1970-03-18 | Alemanha | SpaceX Crew-3 2021-11-11 | ||
Sian Proctor | 1970-03-28 | Estados Unidos | Inspiration4 2021-09-16 | ||
Robert Behnken | 1970-07-28 | Estados Unidos | STS-123 2008-03-11 STS-130 2010-02-08 Crew Dragon Demo-2 2020-05-30 | ||
Jeanette J. Epps | 1970-11-03 | Estados Unidos | SpaceX Crew-8 2024-03-04 | ||
Naoko Yamazaki | 1970-12-27 | Japão | STS-131 2010-04-05 | ||
Oleg Artemyev | 1970-12-28 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-12M 2014-03-25 Soyuz MS-21 2022-03-18 Soyuz MS-08 2018-03-21 | ||
Roman Romanenko | 1971-08-09 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TMA-15 2009-05-27 Soyuz TMA-07M 2012-12-19 Expedition 35 2013-03-13 Expedition 20 2009-05-29 Expedition 21 2009-09-30 Expedition 34 2012-11-18 | ||
Megan McArthur | 1971-08-30 | Estados Unidos | STS-125 2009-05-11 ref SpaceX Crew-2 2021-04-23 ref Expedition 65 2021-04-17 ref | ||
Aleksei Ovchinin | 1971-09-28 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-20M 2016-03-18 Soyuz MS-10 2018-10-11 Soyuz MS-12 2019-03-14 | ||
Oleg Novitskiy | 1971-10-12 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz MS-18 2021-04-09 Soyuz MS-25 2024-03-23 Soyuz TMA-06M 2012-10-23 Soyuz MS-03 2016-11-17 | ||
Anton Shkaplerov | 1972-02-20 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-15M 2014-11-23 Soyuz MS-19 2021-10-05 Soyuz TMA-22 2011-11-14 Soyuz MS-07 2017-12-17 | ||
Timothy Peake | 1972-04-07 | Reino Unido | Expedition 46 2015-12-11 Expedition 47 2016-03-02 Soyuz TMA-19M 2015-12-15 | ||
Maxim Surayev | 1972-05-24 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TMA-16 2009-09-30 Soyuz TMA-13M 2014-05-28 Expedition 40 2014-05-13 Expedition 41 2014-09-10 Expedition 21 2009-09-30 Expedition 22 2009-11-30 | ||
Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor | 1972-07-27 | Soyuz TMA-10 2007-04-07 Soyuz TMA-11 2007-10-10 | |||
Aidyn Aimbetov | 1972-07-27 | Cazaquistão | Soyuz TMA-16M 2015-03-27 Soyuz TMA-18M 2015-09-02 | ||
Kjell Lindgren | 1973-01-23 | Estados Unidos | SpaceX Crew-4 2022-04-27 Soyuz TMA-17M 2015-07-22 ref | ||
Sergei Volkov | 1973-04-01 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-02M 2011-06-07 Soyuz TMA-12 2008-04-08 Expedition 45 2015-09-11 Expedition 46 2015-12-11 Expedition 17 2008-04-08 Expedition 28 2011-05-23 Expedition 29 2011-09-16 Soyuz TMA-18M 2015-09-02 | ||
Josh Cassada | 1973-07-18 | Estados Unidos | SpaceX Crew-5 2022-10-05 | ||
Mark Shuttleworth | 1973-09-18 | África do Sul Reino Unido | Soyuz TM-34 2002-04-25 Soyuz TM-33 2001-10-21 | ||
Jack D. Fischer | 1974-01-23 | Estados Unidos | Expedition 52 2017-06-02 Expedition 51 2017-04-10 Soyuz MS-04 2017-04-20 | ||
Walter Villadei | 1974-04-29 | Itália | Axiom Mission 3 2024-01-18 | ||
Sergei Ryzhikov | 1974-08-19 | Rússia | Soyuz MS-17 2020-10-14 Expedition 64 2020-10-21 Expedition 50 2016-10-28 Expedition 49 2016-09-06 Soyuz MS-02 2016-10-19 | ||
Sergei Ryazansky | 1974-11-13 | Rússia | Expedition 53 Soyuz TMA-10M 2013-09-25 Expedition 52 2017-06-02 Expedition 38 2013-11-10 Expedition 37 2013-09-10 Soyuz MS-05 2017-07-28 | ||
Evgeny Tarelkin | 1974-12-29 | Rússia | Soyuz TMA-06M 2012-10-23 Expedition 33 2012-09-16 Expedition 34 2012-11-18 | ||
Robert Hines | 1975-01-11 | Estados Unidos | SpaceX Crew-4 2022-04-27 | ||
Francisco Rubio | 1975-01-25 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz MS-22 2022-09-21 Soyuz MS-23 2023-02-24 | ||
Sergey Prokopyev (cosmonauta) | 1975-02-22 | Rússia | Soyuz MS-22 2022-09-21 Soyuz MS-09 2018-06-06 | ||
Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger | 1975-05-02 | Estados Unidos | STS-131 2010-04-05 | ||
Nick Hague | 1975-09-24 | Estados Unidos | SpaceX Crew-9 2024-08-01 Soyuz MS-10 2018-10-11 Soyuz MS-12 2019-03-14 | ||
Tang Hongbo | 1975-10 | China | Shenzhou 12 2021-06-17 Shenzhou 17 2023-10-26 | ||
Gregory R. Wiseman | 1975-11-11 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz TMA-13M 2014-05-28 Expedition 40 2014-05-13 Expedition 41 2014-09-10 | ||
Yusaku Maezawa | 1975-11-22 | Japão | Soyuz MS-20 2021-12-08 ref | ||
Takuya Onishi | 1975-12-22 | Japão | Expedition 48 2016-06-18 Expedition 49 2016-09-06 Soyuz MS-01 2016-07-07 | ||
Andrew R. Morgan | 1976-02-05 | Estados Unidos | Expedition 60 2019-06-24 Expedition 61 2019-10-03 Expedition 62 2020-02-06 Soyuz MS-13 2019-07-20 Soyuz MS-15 2019-09-25 | ||
Serena M. Auñón-Chancellor | 1976-04-09 | Estados Unidos | Expedition 56 Expedition 57 2018-10-04 Soyuz MS-09 2018-06-06 | ||
Yelena Serova | 1976-04-22 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz TMA-14M 2014-09-25 Expedition 41 2014-09-10 Expedition 42 2014-11-10 | ||
Victor J. Glover | 1976-04-30 | Estados Unidos | Expedition 64 2020-10-21 Expedition 65 2021-04-17 SpaceX Crew-1 2020-11-16 | ||
Cai Xuzhe | 1976-05 | China | Shenzhou 14 2022-06-05 | ||
Alexander Gerst | 1976-05-03 1976 | Alemanha | Expedition 56 Soyuz TMA-13M 2014-05-28 Expedition 57 2018-10-04 Expedition 40 2014-05-13 Expedition 41 2014-09-10 Soyuz MS-09 2018-06-06 | ||
Luca Parmitano | 1976-09-27 | Itália | Soyuz TMA-09M 2013-05-28 Expedition 60 2019-06-24 Expedition 61 2019-10-03 Expedition 37 2013-09-10 Expedition 36 2013-05-13 Soyuz MS-13 2019-07-20 | ||
Zhang Lu | 1976-11 | China | Shenzhou 15 2022-11-29 | ||
Andreas Mogensen | 1976-11-02 | Reino da Dinamarca | SpaceX Crew-7 2023-08-26 Soyuz TMA-16M 2015-03-27 Soyuz TMA-18M 2015-09-02 | ||
Norishige Kanai | 1976-12-05 | Japão | Expedition 54 Expedition 55 Soyuz MS-07 2017-12-17 | ||
Samantha Cristoforetti | 1977-04-26 | França Itália | Soyuz TMA-15M 2014-11-23 SpaceX Crew-4 2022-04-27 | ||
Raja Chari | 1977-06-24 | Estados Unidos | SpaceX Crew-3 2021-11-11 | ||
Nicole Mann | 1977-06-27 | Estados Unidos | SpaceX Crew-5 2022-10-05 | ||
Jessica Meir | 1977-07-15 | Estados Unidos Suécia | Expedition 61 2019-10-03 Expedition 62 2020-02-06 Soyuz MS-15 2019-09-25 | ||
Aleksandr Misurkin | 1977-09-23 | Rússia | Expedition 53 Expedition 54 Soyuz MS-20 2021-12-08 Soyuz TMA-08M 2013-03-28 Expedition 36 2013-05-13 Expedition 35 2013-03-13 Soyuz MS-06 2017-09-12 | ||
Pyotr Dubrov | 1978-01-30 | Rússia | Soyuz MS-18 2021-04-09 Soyuz MS-19 2021-10-05 International Space Station 1998-11-20 | ||
Thomas Pesquet | 1978-02-27 | França | SpaceX Crew-2 2021-04-23 ref Soyuz MS-03 2016-11-17 ref | ||
Yi So-yeon | 1978-06-02 | Coreia do Sul | Soyuz TMA-12 2008-04-08 Soyuz TMA-11 2007-10-10 | ||
Liu Yang | 1978-10-06 | China | Shenzhou 9 2012-06-16 Shenzhou 14 2022-06-05 | ||
Kathleen Rubins | 1978-10-14 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz MS-17 2020-10-14 Expedition 63 2020-04-17 Expedition 64 2020-10-21 Expedition 48 2016-06-18 Expedition 49 2016-09-06 Soyuz MS-01 2016-07-07 | ||
Chen Dong | 1978-12-12 | China | Shenzhou 14 2022-06-05 Shenzhou 11 2016-10-16 | ||
Christina Koch | 1979-01-29 | Estados Unidos | Expedition 59 2019-03-15 Expedition 60 2019-06-24 Expedition 61 2019-10-03 Soyuz MS-13 2019-07-20 Soyuz MS-12 2019-03-14 | ||
Anne McClain | 1979-06-07 | Estados Unidos | Expedition 57 2018-10-04 Expedition 58 2018-12-20 Expedition 59 2019-03-15 Soyuz MS-11 2018-12-03 | ||
Chistopher Sembroski | 1979-08-28 | Estados Unidos | Inspiration4 2021-09-16 | ||
Alper Gezeravcı | 1979-12-02 | Turquia | Axiom Mission 3 2024-01-18 | ||
Wang Yaping | 1980-01 | China | Shenzhou 13 2021-10-15 Shenzhou 10 2013-06-11 ref | ||
Ye Guangfu | 1980-09-01 | China | Shenzhou 13 2021-10-15 Shenzhou 18 2024-04-25 ref | ||
Marcus Wandt | 1980-09-22 | Suécia Noruega | Axiom Mission 3 2024-01-18 | ||
Andrey Fediaev | 1981-02-26 | Rússia | SpaceX Crew-6 2023-03-02 | ||
Sultan Al Neyadi | 1981-05-23 | Emirados Árabes Unidos | SpaceX Crew-6 2023-03-02 | ||
Matthew Dominick | 1981-12-07 | Estados Unidos | SpaceX Crew-8 2024-03-04 | ||
Alexandr Grebienkin | 1982-07-15 | Rússia | SpaceX Crew-8 2024-03-04 | ||
Jared Isaacman | 1983-02-11 | Estados Unidos | Inspiration4 2021-09-16 | ||
Denis Matveev | 1983-04-25 | Rússia | Soyuz MS-21 2022-03-18 | ||
Loral O'Hara | 1983-05-03 | Estados Unidos | Soyuz MS-24 2023-09-15 | ||
Jasmin Moghbeli | 1983-06-24 | Estados Unidos Irão | SpaceX Crew-7 2023-08-26 | ||
Dmitriy Petelin | 1983-07-10 | Rússia | Soyuz MS-22 2022-09-21 Soyuz MS-23 2023-02-24 | ||
Sergei Kud-Sverchkov | 1983-08-23 | União Soviética Rússia | Soyuz MS-17 2020-10-14 Expedition 64 2020-10-21 | ||
Hazza Al Mansouri | 1983-12-13 | Emirados Árabes Unidos | Soyuz MS-15 2019-09-25 ref Soyuz MS-12 2019-03-14 | ||
Nikolay Chub | 1984-06-10 | Rússia | Soyuz MS-24 2023-09-15 | ||
Konstantin Borisov | 1984-08-14 | Rússia | SpaceX Crew-7 2023-08-26 | ||
Anna Kikina | 1984-08-27 | Rússia União Soviética | SpaceX Crew-5 2022-10-05 | ||
Sergei Wladimirowitsch Korsakow | 1984-09-01 | Rússia | Soyuz MS-21 2022-03-18 | ||
Ivan Vagner | 1985-07-10 | Rússia | Soyuz MS-16 2020-04-09 | ||
Warren Hoburg | 1985-09-16 | Estados Unidos | SpaceX Crew-6 2023-03-02 ref | ||
Yozo Hirano | 1985-10-12 | Japão | Soyuz MS-20 2021-12-08 | ||
Zhu Yangzhu | 1986-09 | Shenzhou 16 2023-05-30 | |||
Gui Haichao | 1986-11 | China | Shenzhou 16 2023-05-30 | ||
Li Guangsu | 1987-07 | China | Shenzhou 18 2024-04-25 | ||
Kayla Barron | 1987-09-19 | Estados Unidos | SpaceX Crew-3 2021-11-11 | ||
Jessica Watkins | 1988-05-14 | Estados Unidos | SpaceX Crew-4 2022-04-27 | ||
Rayyanah Barnawi | 1988-09 | Arábia Saudita | Axiom Mission 2 2023-05-21 | ||
Li Cong | 1989-10 | China | Shenzhou 18 2024-04-25 | ||
Hayley Arceneaux | 1991-12-04 | Estados Unidos | Inspiration4 2021-09-16 | ||
Ali AlQarni | 1992-03 | Arábia Saudita | Axiom Mission 2 2023-05-21 |
Referências
- ↑ International Space Hall of Fame, publicado pelo The New Mexico Museum of Space History.
- ↑ Johnsen, Frederick A. (23 de agosto de 2005). NASA, ed. «X-15 Space Pioneers Now Honored as Astronauts». Consultado em 26 de fevereiro de 2019
- ↑ de Córdoba, Sanz Fernández. «100km Altitude Boundary for Astronautics». Fédération Aéronautique Internationale. Consultado em 26 de fevereiro de 2019. Arquivado do original em 22 de agosto de 2011
- Portal da astronomia