Hubert de Burgh-Canning, 2nd Marquess of Clanricarde
The Most Honourable The Marquess of Clanricarde | |
---|---|
"Old Wares": Clanricarde as caricatured by Spy (Leslie Ward) in Vanity Fair, May 1900 | |
Member of the House of Lords | |
Lord Temporal | |
Hereditary Peerage (Baron Somerhill) 10 April 1874 – 12 April 1916 | |
Preceded by | Ulick de Burgh |
Succeeded by | Extinct |
Member of Parliament for County Galway | |
In office 1867–1871 Serving with William Henry Gregory | |
Preceded by | Ulick Canning de Burgh, Lord Dunkellin |
Succeeded by | Mitchell Henry |
Personal details | |
Born | (1832-11-30)30 November 1832 |
Died | 12 April 1916(1916-04-12) (aged 83) |
Nationality | British |
Political party | Whig \ Liberal |
Parents |
|
Relatives | |
Education | Harrow School |
Hubert George de Burgh-Canning, 2nd Marquess of Clanricarde (English: /dˈbɜːrɡ/; d’-BERG; English: /klænˈrɪkɑːrd/; klan-RIK-ard; 30 November 1832 – 12 April 1916), styled Lord Hubert de Burgh until 1862, Lord Hubert de Burgh-Canning until 1867, and Viscount Bourke until 1874, was an Anglo-Irish ascendancy nobleman, millionaire, and politician who was the grandson of British Prime Minister George Canning.
Early life
Hubert was the son of Ulick de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde and his wife, Harriet, daughter of British Prime Minister George Canning. He was educated at Harrow School and pursued a diplomatic career: he was an attaché in Turin in 1852 and rose to become Second Secretary there in 1862.[1][2] He assumed the surname Canning after inheriting the estates of his uncle, Earl Canning.[3]
After the death of his elder brother, Lord Dunkellin, who had been Liberal MP for County Galway from 1865 until his death in 1867, Hubert succeeded in becoming heir to both the Marquessate and also to his brother's seat. He was elected as the Liberal MP for County Galway in 1867, re-elected in 1868, and retired in 1871. After his brother's death in 1867 and before succeeding his father as Marquess in 1874, Hubert was known by the courtesy title, Viscount Bourke, which was one of his father's other subsidiary titles. On his father's death, he inherited his family titles in the Peerage of Ireland and also his father's title as Baron Somerhill in the Peerage of the United Kingdom which entitled him to a seat in the House of Lords.[4]
Career
Hubert de Burgh-Canning was unmourned in Ireland, where he had a reputation as one of the worst and most repressive absentee landlords in the country. His estate centred on Portumna, County Galway spanned a mainly agricultural 52,000 acres (210 km2) (81 sq mi) (about 3.5% of this second-largest county), yielding about an average of £25,000 (equivalent to £3,100,000 in 2023) during his lifetime yearly in rents paid by 1,900 largely poorly agriculturally equipped and housed tenants, and was a main target during the 1887 Plan of Campaign fought for fair rents by the Irish Parliamentary Party.
Clanricarde's opposition to the plan was so obdurate that an Irish minister commented: "... what right has Clanricarde to be treated better than a lunatic or an orphan?" His land agent John Henry Blake was murdered in 1882. In 1888 the Earl wrote to Chief Secretary Balfour "the western Irish cannot be kept up to their contracts without the threat of eviction".[5]
Upon the suggestion of Arthur Balfour, the Irish members of parliament submitted a bill to parliament for the expropriation of his estates. The Prime Minister, Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman approved the bill and denounced Clanricarde in parliament in a way described as 'scathing'. Never had Clanicarde visited his estates, despite the many thousands of families that had been evicted from them during that time, resulting in mass destitution. "So universal is the execration in which this particular nobleman is held by people of every political party that when the question of this bill was put to the vote by the speaker, liberals, liberal unionists and conservatives all voted with the Irish party, only three of the nearly 700 members of the House of Commons opposing the vote, which would otherwise have been unanimous."[6]
From 1891 onwards the Congested Districts Board attempted to compulsorily purchase the estate but were not successful until 1915.[7]
Death
He died in 1916, aged 83, a resident of 13 Hanover Square, London, and was buried on the west side of Highgate Cemetery, London. His probate was sworn in that year at £2,500,000 (equivalent to about £214,100,000 in 2023).[8][3] At his death, his vast fortune devolved upon his sister's grandson, Henry, Viscount Lascelles, who in 1922 went on to marry Princess Mary.[9]
Upon his death, his peerages became extinct, save for the second creation of the Earldom of Clanricarde, which passed by special remainder to the 6th Marquess of Sligo.
Arms
Ancestry
Ancestors of Hubert de Burgh-Canning, 2nd Marquess of Clanricarde | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
See also
- House of Burgh, an Anglo-Norman and Hiberno-Norman dynasty founded in 1193
References
Citations
- ^ Cokayne, G. E. (1889). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom Extant, Extinct, or Dormant. Vol. 2 (1st ed.). London: George Bell & Sons. pp. 281-2.
- ^ "Clanricarde, 2nd Marquis of cr 1825, (Hubert George de Burgh Canning) (30 Nov. 1832–13 April 1916)". WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO. 2007. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U194694. ISBN 978-0-19-954089-1. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
- ^ a b Gwynn, S. L. (2004). "Canning, Hubert George de Burgh, second marquess of Clanricarde (1832–1916), landlord in Ireland". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/32179. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. Retrieved 21 December 2021. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ "Viscount Burke (Hansard)". api.parliament.uk. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
- ^ "WageDayAdvance - Payday Loans & Short Term Loans - Prompt Payment". WageDayAdvance. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
- ^ Cunliffe-Owen, Margarete (18 December 1906). "Letter of Marquis de Fontenoy". Chicago Tribune.
- ^ "The Clanricarde Estate". Moving Here. Retrieved 4 December 2010.
- ^ "Search probate records for documents and wills (England and Wales)". probatesearch.service.gov.uk. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
- ^ "The Royal Wedding: Princess Mary married to Viscount Lascelles at Westminster Abbey". The Barrier Miner. 1 March 1922. Retrieved 15 April 2023 – via Trove.
- ^ Burke, John; Burke, Bernard (1844). Encyclopædia of Heraldry: Or General Armory of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Comprising a Registry of All Armorial Bearings from the Earliest to the Present Time, Including the Late Grants by the College of Arms. H. G. Bohn.
- ^ Burke, Bernard (1884). The general armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time. University of California Libraries. London : Harrison & sons.
Bibliography
- "Clanricarde, 2nd Marquis of cr 1825, (Hubert George de Burgh Canning) (30 Nov. 1832–13 April 1916)". WHO'S WHO & WHO WAS WHO. 2007. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U194694. ISBN 978-0-19-954089-1. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
- Gwynn, S. L. (2004). "Canning, Hubert George de Burgh, second marquess of Clanricarde (1832–1916), landlord in Ireland". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/32179. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. Retrieved 21 December 2021. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- Cokayne, G. E. (1889). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom Extant, Extinct, or Dormant (1st ed.). London: George Bell & Sons.
External links
- "Viscount Burke (Hansard)". api.parliament.uk. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
Parliament of the United Kingdom | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded by | Member of Parliament for County Galway 1867–1871 With: William Henry Gregory | Succeeded by |
Peerage of Ireland | ||
Preceded by | Marquess of Clanricarde 1874–1916 | Extinct |
Earl of Clanricarde 1800 creation 1874–1916 | Succeeded by | |
Peerage of the United Kingdom | ||
Preceded by | Baron Somerhill 1874–1916 | Succeeded by Extinct |
- v
- t
- e
- Timeline of Irish history
- History of Ireland (1536–1691)
- History of Ireland (1691–1800)
and events
- Lordship of Ireland
- British Empire
- Tudor conquest of Ireland
- New English
- Surrender and regrant
- Reformation in Ireland
- Desmond Rebellions
- Plantations of Ireland (Ulster)
- Nine Years' War (Flight of the Earls)
- Irish Rebellion of 1641
- Irish Confederate Wars
- Wars of the Three Kingdoms
- Cromwellian conquest of Ireland (Barbadosed)
- Williamite–Jacobite War (Wild Geese)
- Irish Rebellion of 1798
- United Kingdom
Parliament
conquests
- Tuadhmhumhain (1543)
- Uí Echach (1543)
- Loígis (1543)
- Clanricarde (1544)
- Uí Failghe (1550)
- Uí Díarmata (1574)
- Clann Aodha Buidhe (1574)
- Magh Luirg (1585)
- Airgíalla (1585)
- Iar Connacht (1589)
- Umhaill (1593)
- Deasmhumhain (1596)
- Mac William Íochtar (1602)
- Laigin (1603)
- Bréifne Uí Ruairc (1605)
- Cairbrigh (1606)
- Tír Chonaill (1607)
- Tír Eoghain (1607)
- Fear Manach (1607)
- Uí Catháin (1607)
- Bréifne Uí Raghallaigh (1607)
- Uí Mháine (1611)
and society
- Dublin Castle administration
- Parliament of Ireland (Irish House of Lords and Irish House of Commons)
- Privy Council of Ireland
- Four Courts (King's Bench, Exchequer, Chancery and Common Pleas)
- Court of Castle Chamber
- Peerage of Ireland
- Army
- Church of Ireland (Ascendancy & Recusancy)
- Grand Lodge of Ireland
- Trinity College Dublin
- Order of St Patrick
- Jacobites
- Whigs
- Tories
- Irish Patriots
- Defenders
- Catholic Committee
- Orange Order
- United Irishmen
and rulers
- Henry VIII (1542–1547)
- Edward VI (1547–1553)
- Lady Jane Grey (1553; disputed)
- Mary I (1553–1558) & Philip jure uxoris (1554–1558)
- Elizabeth I (1558–1603)
- James I (1603–1625)
- Charles I (1625–1649)
- Commonwealth (1649–1653)
- Oliver Cromwell (1653–1658)
- Richard Cromwell (1658–1659)
- Commonwealth (1659–1660)
- Charles II (1660–1685)
- James II (1685–1691)
- William III (1689–1702) & Mary II (1689–1694)
- Anne (1702–1714)
- George I (1714–1727)
- George II (1727–1760)
- George III (1760–1800)
- British Empire portal
- Ireland portal
- Category
- WikiProject